自文化間傳播視角探論中共推展「孔子學院」的問題與因應作法

Problems and Countermeasures of China's Promotion of Confucius Institutes around the World- from the Perspective of Inter-Cultural Communication

徐蕙萍(Hui-Ping Xu)

《復興崗學報》 106期 (2015/06) Pp. 135-156

摘要

隨著中國大陸的崛起，帶動全球一股「中國熱」、「漢語熱」，中共趁著這股「漢語熱」在全球設立「孔子學院」。詎料，近年來陸續有些歐美大學或抵制，或取消與大陸「孔子學院」的合作。自2004年首家「孔子學院」在韓國首爾成立以來，中共將之視為與國際文化交流的「平台」，故積極地拓展其版圖；如今發展受阻，中國大陸勢必會有所因應。然無論其何以發展受阻，或是其將如何因應，都值得探究。基於此，本文採用文獻分析法，首從文化間傳播的角度剖析大陸何以要在全球籌設「孔子學院」；繼則概述其推展的作法與發展現況；再者，在全球已遍地開花的「孔子學院」，近來卻陸續出現抵制，或取消合作等狀況，除略述其遭遇之困境外，並說明其因應作法，及其可供我「臺灣書院」借鑒做結。

關鍵字

文化 ； 文化間傳播 ； 孔子學院 ； 軟實力

並列摘要

As China rises, the passion to understand China and learn Chinese is also growing, resulting in the establishment of Confucius Institutes throughout the world. However, in recent years some colleges and universities in the West said no to the establishment of Confucius Institutes or canceled cooperation with China in this regard. Since the establishment of the first Confucius Institute in Soul, Korea, in 2004, China has regarded this institute as an important platform for cultural exchanges with other nations and has actively tried to expand the number of such schools in the world. In the face of some Western universities' objection of the Confucius Institute, Chinese government must do something to counter it, which is a subject worth studying. Using the method of literature analysis, this paper attempts to explore the reason why China wants to promote Confucius Institutes around the world, how China does it, and what China gets so far. Moreover, this paper will focus on the obstacles to the establishment of Confucius Institutes and how China counters it, which can be something helpful to Taiwan's promotion of Taiwan Institutes.

並列關鍵字

culture ； inter-cultural communication ； Confucius Institute ； soft power