有機稻作生產成本與收益之研究

The Production Costs and Revenues of Organic Rice

黃炳文(Biing-Wen Huang) ； 林秀霙(Shiow-Ing Lin) ； 林佩慧(Pei-Hui Lin) ； 謝宜婷(Yi-Ting Hsieh) ； 鄭暘諭(Yang-Yu Cheng)

《農林學報》 66卷1期 (2018/03) Pp. 11-23

https://doi.org/10.30089/JAF.201803_66(1).0002

摘要

稻米為台灣主要的糧食作物，隨著有機農業的發展，有機稻作逐漸受到重視。然有機稻作的正式成本收益調查尚不完備，為促進有機稻作的發展及農政單位推展的參考，故本研究目的在於探討有機稻作的生產投入與產出收益分析，並與慣行稻作經營成本收益比較，及分析不同出售形態的成本收益。本研究運用2017年「有機農場農業經營模式之研究」資料，訪查72戶在2016年一、二期均有種植有機稻作的農民，經調查統計得知有機稻作戶一、二期平均每公頃產量分別為4,739公斤、3,345公斤，低於慣行稻作的產量；平均每公斤生產成本分別為29.2元、38.6元，平均每公斤售價分別為36.7元、35.7元，此等均高於慣行稻作的成本與售價；然因有機稻作的自家工資較多，因此平均每公頃稻作所得（含自家勞動報酬及設算之地租與利息）分別為83,302元、31,292元，高於慣行稻作的所得。此外，一、二期有自行碾製稻米的樣態者，一、二期平均每公頃稻作所得分別為251,669元、150,650元。

關鍵字

有機稻作 ； 生產成本 ； 稻作所得

並列摘要

Rice is the main food in Taiwan. Following the development of organic agriculture, farmers gradually pay much attention to the organic rice farming. However the formal survey of the production costs and revenues of organic rice farming still has not been implemented. In order to develop the organic rice farming and provide the reference data for the agricultural authority, the objectives of this study are to analyze the production inputs and outputs of organic rice farming. The results will be compared with the conventional rice farming. The different sale types will also be explored. The survey data of ＂Agricultural Operation Models of Organic Farms in 2017＂ will be adopted. There were 72 respondents who had planted organic rice during first and second cropping period in 2016. The statistical results show that the production quantities of per hectare paddy rice were 4,739kg and 3,345kg respectively in the first and second cropping period. These quantities were lower than those of conventional planting rice. The per kilogram production costs were NT$29.2 and 38.6. The per kilogram sale prices were NT$36.7 and 35.7. These kinds of costs and prices were higher than those of conventional planting rice. However, the organic rice planting had more family labor force. Therefore the per hectare rice family incomes, including family labor remuneration, land rents, and capital interest, of organic paddy rice were NT$83,302 and 31,292, which were higher than those of conventional rice. Furthermore, if paddy rice was milled by farmers themselves, the per hectare rice family incomes of organic rice could reach NT$251,669 and 150,650.

並列關鍵字

Organic rice ； Production costs ； Rice revenues