Research, Development and Application of Fungal Insecticides in Taiwan

台灣真菌殺蟲劑之研究、發展及應用

高穗生(S. S. Kao) ； 蕭文鳳(W. F. Hsiao) ； 蔡勇勝(Y. S. Tsai)

《植物保護學會會刊》 54卷3期 (2012/09) Pp. 65-75

https://doi.org/10.6715/PPB.201209_54(3).0001

摘要

台灣農業藥物毒物試驗所進行本土蟲生真菌之蒐集調查，自上百以上之罹病蟲屍中分離出322株分離株。分離株中以Metarhizium anisopliae, Nomuraea rileyi, Beauveria bassiana和Lecanicillium lecanii等為可利用防治農業害蟲之重要種類。並進行上列重要菌種（株）之生理和分子特性調查，及其在田間對害蟲的防治效果測試。另亦進行菌種改良工作，篩獲抗耐殺菌劑之菌株。基因操縱也應用於加強抗環境壓力能力。影響對昆蟲致病力之因子及與農藥的兼容性也一併進行評估。同時研究其生產步驟，開發以油為基底系統用於分離和脂溶性真菌孢子的濃度，並探討其代謝物。綠殭菌已開發製劑並獲得滿意的結果。

關鍵字

大量生產 ； 回收率 ； 製劑

並列摘要

An investigation of local entomopathgenic fungi was conducted by Biopesticides Division, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute. A total of 322 isolates were isolated from hundreds of infected insects. Among those isolates, Metarhizium anisopliae, Nomuraea rileyi, Beauveria bassiana and Lecanicillium lecanii were the important species for the controlling agricultual insect pests in Taiwan. Their physiological and molecular characterization was investigated and their efficacy against insect pests was field screened. Strain improvements were carried out to select fungicide-resistant mutants. Genetic manipulation of entomopathogenic fungi was also employed to enhance the antistress capacity. Factors affecting infectivity against insect pests and compatibility with pesticides was evaluated. The mass production process of those fungi was also studied. An oilbased system for separation and concentration of lipophilic fungal spores and their metabolites was developed. The formulation of an entomopathogenic fungus, N. releyi was developed with satisfactory results.

並列關鍵字

Metarhizium anisopliae ； Nomuraea rileyi ； Beauveria bassiana ； Lecanicillium lecanii ； mass production ； recovery ； formulation