- 期刊
多元醇液化柳杉木材及樹皮之性質及其在硬質PU發泡體製造之應用
Properties of Polyhydric Alcohol Liquefied Wood and Bark of Cryptomeria Japonica and Their Utilization in the Manufacturing of Rigid PU Foams
摘要
本研究將柳杉木材、樹皮及經乙醇萃取材以聚乙二醇／丙三醇混合液為溶劑，H2SO4為催化劑，並以150℃加熱90 min進行液化處理，液化產物則與聚二苯甲烷二異氰酸酯(PMDI)混合，並添加水為發泡劑、有機矽氧烷為界面活性劑、二月桂酸二丁基錫為催化劑製造聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體(Polyurethane foams; PU foams)。由木材化學組成分得知，柳杉木材有較高之全纖維素含量，樹皮則含較多之木質素及抽出成分，乙醇萃取處理主要減少抽出物含量，對木材主成分則無影響。木材之液化效果優於樹皮，經乙醇萃取處理則對其液化效果並無明顯影響。各不同條件液化柳杉可與PMDI反應製作PU發泡體，然其物理及機械性質受液化產物之特性所影響，其中以液化木材為原料者之力學強度及耐溶劑性高於以液化樹皮為原料者，吸水能力則以液化樹皮製備者較高，各PU發泡體之熱裂解溫度在350℃以上。
並列摘要
The wood and bark of Cryptomeria japonica (Japanese cedar) and their alcohol extracted materials were liquefied in polyethylene glycol/glycerol co-solvent with H2SO4 as a catalyst at 150℃ for 90 min. The liquefied products were blended with poly-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) and adding water as the blowing agent, organosiloxane as the surfactant and dibutyl tin dilaurate as the catalyst to prepare the polyure- thane foams (PU foams). The chemical composition analysis showed that wood had higher holocellulose than that of bark, but bark had higher lignin and extractive than those of wood. The treatment of alcohol extraction would not influence the main components of wood but removed the extractives. The wood had better liquefaction effect than that of bark, and the alcohol extraction had no significant influence on the liquefaction effect. All kinds of the liquefied Japanese cedar could react with PMDI and used to prepare the PU foams. But the physical and mechanical properties of the PU foams were dependent on the characteristics of the liquefied products. Among which, using liquefied wood as the raw materials had better mechanical strength and solvent resistance than those using liquefied bark. But the PU foams made from liquefied bark as raw materials had higher water absorption capability. The thermo-degradation temperature of PU foams was over 350℃.
延伸閱讀
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