黑心柳杉造林木葉子精油及其成分之抗病媒蚊幼蟲活性

Mosquito Larvicidal Activity of Leaf Essential Oil and Its Constituents from Black Heartwood-Type Cryptomeria Japonica

鄭森松(Sen-Sung Cheng) ； 古惠菁(Hui-Jing Gu) ； 陳品昇(Pin-Sheng Chen) ； 陳盈如(Ying-Ju Chen) ； 黃旌集(Chin-Gi Huang) ； 陳維鈞(Wei-June Chen) ； 張上鎮(Shang-Tzen Chang)

《中華林學季刊》 42卷1期 (2009/03) Pp. 181-192

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200903.0012

摘要

本研究係評估黑心柳杉材部、枝條、樹皮及葉子精油及其成分對埃及斑蚊和白線斑蚊二種幼蟲的抑制活性。試驗結果得知，葉子精油對埃及斑蚊幼蟲和白線斑蚊幼蟲的抑制效果最好，其半數致死濃度(LC50)分別為59.6μg/mL 和42.7μg/mL。進一步利用GC-MS分析柳杉葉子精油成分，發現β-Elemol (20.48%)和16-Kaurene (20.23%)二個化合物為其最主要成分。另外，比較葉子精油11種化合物對2種病媒蚊幼蟲毒殺之效果，證實α-Terpinene對埃及斑蚊幼蟲之抑制效果最好(LC50＝14.7μg/mL)；至於抑制白線斑蚊幼蟲之效果，則以Limonene 最好(LC50＝15.0μg/mL)。綜合上述結果得知，柳杉葉子精油及其成分具有潛力做為天然的殺蚊子幼蟲藥劑。

關鍵字

埃及斑蚊 ； 白線斑蚊 ； 柳杉 ； 精油 ； 氣相層析－質譜儀 ； 葉子 ； 抗病媒蚊幼蟲活性

並列摘要

In this study larvicidal effects of wood, twig, bark and leaf essential oils from black heartwood-type Cryptomeria japonica D. Don and their constituents against 2 mosquito species, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, were studied. Results from the larvicidal tests demonstrated that leaf essential oil from C. japonica exhibited the most effectiveness against both A. aegypti and A. albopictus larvae at 24 h with an LC50 value of 59.6 μg/mL and 42.7 μg/mL, respectively. From the results of GC-MS analyses, β-elemol (20.48%) and 16-kaurene (20.23%) were the dominant constituents of leaf essential oil. In addition, the eleven pure constituents from C. japonica leaf essential oil were also tested individually against the two mosquito larvae. Among these pure constituents, α-terpinene (LC50=14.7 μg/mL) exhibits the best larvicidal effect against A. aegypti and limonene (LC50=15.0 μg/mL) shows an excellent inhibitory action against A. albopictus larvae. These results revealed that the leaf essential oil and its effective constituents might be considered as a potent source for the production of fine natural larvicides.

並列關鍵字

Aedes aegypti ； Aedes albopictus ； Cryptomeria japonica ； Essential oil ； GC-MS ； Leaf ； Mosquito larvicidal activity