台灣乳牛事業發展之現況與展望

Present Stage and Prospect of the Dairy Industry in Taiwan

呂秀英(Shiu-Yin Leu)

《台灣農學會報》 11卷2期 (2010/04) Pp. 185-199

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.201004_11(2).0005

摘要

台灣乳業在民國八十年(1991)酪農戶數達最高峰，為1,113戶，乳牛頭數85,060頭，平均每頭經產牛年產乳量為4,565公斤。經過多年努力，酪農生產技術提昇，平均每頭經產牛年產乳量，到2007年已高達6,067公斤，但因飼料價格高漲，乳價收購價格沒有相對提高，所以酪農戶數降到619戶；近五年牛乳每公斤生產成本，由21.85元增至24.97元，牛乳品質進步很多，每c.c.生乳體細胞數由42.1萬降至32.2萬；牛乳銷售型態主要以鮮乳為主，其次為醱酵乳；當前酪農經營最大困境為進口飼料與牧草價格節節上漲，未來應朝向芻料供應國產化，以降低生產成本，並加強牛乳行銷廣告，籌組區域性牛乳合作社建立獨特品牌，自行擴展行銷管道，以增加酪農收益，催化學童乳政策的實施。

關鍵字

牛乳 ； 行銷 ； 飼料

並列摘要

The number of dairy farms and head of dairy cattle in Taiwan were 1,113 and 85,060 respectively in 1991. The production of multiparous cows was 4,565 kg per head in 1991. After many years of effort, the technique of raising dairy cows was promoted. The production increased to 6,067 kg per head of multiparous cows in 2007. Due to the price of feed rising dramatically and the purchased price of raw milk not increasing, the number of dairy farms was decreased to 619. The production cost of the raw milk increased from NT$21.85 to NT$24.97 in the past five years and the quality of raw milk improved significantly. The somatic cell count of the raw milk was decreased from 421,000 to 322,000. Fresh milk is the major product of the industry and fermented milk is secondary. The difficulty for dairy farmers is the high price of imported feed and forages. In order to reduce costs, the farmers should purchase domestic forages instead of the imported forages in the future. The farmers could organize a dairy cooperative and further develop their market. Therefore, the revenue of dairy farmers would be increased.

並列關鍵字

Milk ； Marketing ； Feeds