台灣地區醫療社會工作人員工作壓力、社會支持與職業倦怠之研究

Work Stress, Social Support and Burnout among Medical Social Workers

楊蓓(Pei Yang)

《中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌》 9卷1期 (1989/03) Pp. 14-28

https://doi.org/10.6288/JNPHARC1989-09-01-02

摘要

本研究以郵寄問卷對各級教學醫院和中華民國醫務社會協會之團體會員，以社會工作人員工作壓力量表、社會支持量表和職業倦怠量表施測，填答後分別各自寄回，共發出問卷224份，回收率75.5%，其中有效問卷157份。
研究發現，（一）醫療社會工作者的工作壓力主要來自制度與組織方面，其中尤以缺乏陞遷管道、專業缺乏社會認同、組織缺乏長程目標爲著。（二）醫療社會工作者的社會支持主要得自同事和朋友，來自督導和家人的支持較差。且女性工作者所得之整體社會支持與同事支持顯著高於男性工作者。其中已婚工作者的家人支持甚爲顯著，而本科系畢業之工作者的朋友支持甚爲顯著。（三）醫療社會工作者在職業倦怠方面呈現出工作情緒低落、有無力挫折感、常盼望有假期，想另外換他職或想休息一陣子，覺得不被瞭解，工作投入較差。其中以30歲以下的工作者倦怠感十分顯著。（四）醫療社會工作者的工作壓力與職業倦怠感呈顯著正相關；工作壓力與社會支持呈顯著負相關；職業倦怠與社會支持呈顯著負相關。其中，督導支持高者，整體工作壓力低，職業倦怠感亦低；同事支持高者，人際壓力低，職業倦怠感亦低。而社會支持無法證實在工作壓力與職業倦怠之間造成緩衝效果，但是工作壓力與社會支持都對職業倦怠有主效應，二者同時出現時，對倦怠的預測力增高。

並列摘要

This study has examined the strength and relationship of work stress, social support and burnout, and the buffering effect of social support between work stress and burnout among medical social workers. 224 medical social workers including psychiatric social workers were studied, and the effective cases returned were 157. The study revealed that most work stress of medical social workers came from the lack of professional system in poorly designed organizations. Most of their social support was received from colleages and friends, but support from families and supervisors were less. The female workers' support were significantly higher than the male workers. Family support of married workers and friend support of workers who were graduated from social work Dept. were significantly higher. Younge workers who were less than 30 years old experienced higher burnout. Work stress was positively correlated with burnout and negatively correlated with social support which was negatively correlated with burnout. Workers who have higher supervisor's support revealed lower work stress and burnout. Higher colleage support revealed lower interpersonal stress and burnout. Work stress and social support have significant main effect on burnout, but the buffering effect of social support has not been proved in this study.

並列關鍵字

Social work ； Stress ； Social Support ； Professional Burnout