新竹科學園區政策過程的重新檢視

A Review of the Policy Process about the Hsinchu Science Park

蔡偉銑(Wei-Hsien Tsai)

《人文及社會科學集刊》 26卷3期 (2014/09) Pp. 427-481

摘要

相較於一般認為新竹科學園區是源於蔣經國政府由上而下政策規劃而成的觀點，本文發現竹科園區的發展，實際乃是由下而上的政策執行過程所形塑而成，期間受到既有電子工業升級的影響，致使竹科從追求科技研發的科技政策，轉為偏重順應既有電子工業升級的產業政策，從而強化臺灣經濟成長過度依賴資訊電子製造業的經濟結構。其中，技術官僚因應政策環境變化所致的機會、限制與問題，從而調整竹科目標的政策執行能力，是形塑竹科政策的關鍵因素。最後，若僅是「複製」竹科而不考慮支撐園區運作之產業的支援能力與比較優勢，園區政策將不足以促進地區的發展。

關鍵字

政策執行 ； 科學園區政策 ； 新竹科學園區 ； 技術官僚

並列摘要

Compared to the common notion that the Hsinchu Science Park (HSP) was developed through top-down government policy planning, by reexamining the political and economic context, this article points out that in fact, a bottom-up process of HSP policy implementation shaped the current appearance of the HSP, while being affected and supported by the technological upgrading of the electronics industry. First, the upgrading of the electronics industry converted HSP policy from an R & D policy to an industrial production policy. This caused Taiwan's economic growth to be overly reliant on the industrial structure of information and electronic manufacturing. Second, technocrats were a key factor in shaping the HSP policy to cope with the globalization of the technology industry. Finally, if further development of science parks is only a copy of the HSP model in spite of their industrial supporting functions and comparative advantages, the establishment of science parks will not be enough to promote development in the region. In addition, the government needs more information and knowledge management of the technocrats to improve policy making in the context of globalization.

並列關鍵字

policy implementation ； Science Park policy ； Hsinchu Science Park ； technocrats

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