外省人宗教信仰變遷初探－1984年至2004年台灣地區社會變遷基本調查資料分析

本文是以1984年平2004年的「台灣地區社會變遷基本調查」資料來研究外省人信仰的變遷。外省人自認是民間信仰者的人口有增多的現象；自認是無宗教信仰者的人口雖有減少，便還是以很大的比值存在；信奉基督宗教（天主教和基督教合稱）的人維持在13%左右，並未有增長的跡象。此三種宗教類屬的消長是和外省人逐漸融入台灣社會的過程有關。本文其他的研究發現如下：(1)經由通婚的影響，妻子或母親爲閩客族群的外省人較易接受民間信仰，而較年輕的外省世代也有較高比例的人白稱是民間信仰。(2)真正無宗教信仰的外省人是極爲少數，外省人在許多流行的宗教變項上，和閩客的接受度是差不多的。(3)即使是信奉天主教和基督教的外省人，也是受到本土信仰文化的影響而接受一些台灘社會流行的信仰態度和行爲。

關鍵字

族群融合；宗教變遷；台灣宗教；民間信仰

並列摘要

This paper applies ”the General Survey Data of Taiwan for Social Change” to studying the religious change of the Mainlanders. The usage of the term of Mainlanders includes the people born in mainland China, coining to Taiwan after World War Ⅱ, and their children and grandchildren. For the past two decades, the percentage of mainlanders believing in Taiwanese Folk religion has been increased. The number of self-claimed ”atheists” has been decreased. The Mainlanders joining Protestant or Catholic Church have been around l3% of total Mainlander's population since the 1980s. The other findings are: a) the Mainlanders with wife or mother from Minna or Hakka origins are likely to accept the Taiwanese Folk religion as their belief; b) the religious attitudes and practices of the young generation of Mainlanders are similar to those of Minna and Hakka; and c) the attitudes and behaviors of some of Protestant and Catholic Mainlanders have been influenced by the popular religious thoughts and practices of Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

assimilation among ethnic groups ； religious change ； Taiwanese religion ； Taiwanese Folk religion

參考文獻

Ahern, Emily M.,Hill Gates Rohsehow (eds.)(1981).The Anthropology of Taiwanese society.Stanford:Stanford University Press.

Google Scholar

Grichting, Wolfgang(1971).The Value System in Taiwan.Taipei:private print.

Google Scholar

Rohsenow, Hill Gates(1973).Prosperity Settlement: The Politics of Paipai in Taipei, Taiwan.Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan.