Many anticancer drugs have debilitating side-effects such as chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. The introduction of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist has significantly improved control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting for patients undergoing treatment for cancer. However, approximately 20-30% of patients still do not respond satisfactory to the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. Presently, a three-drug combination of a serotonin antagonist, a corticosteroid, and an NK-1 antagonist is approved for the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting after cisplatin-containing regimens and also after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Finally, direct comparison of brief and extended antiemetic regimens to determine the most convenient and feasible strategy for obtaining maximal delayed antiemetic efficacy could lead to improved patient adherence and improved quality of life.
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