空氣污染與不同類型犯罪行為之空間相關性－以澳洲新南威爾斯州為例

Defining the Spatial Relationship between Air Pollution and Crime Behavior-A Case Study of New South Wales, Australia

陳徐賢(Hsu-Hsien Chen) ； 尹杰德(I Gede Brawiswa Putra) ； 郭佩棻(Pei-Fen Kuo)

《航測及遙測學刊》 24卷1期 (2019/03) Pp. 1-12

https://doi.org/10.6574/JPRS.201903_24(1).0001

摘要

空氣品質好壞會影響人類身心及日常行為模式。現有文獻多主張空氣污染將增加焦慮、壓力與發炎反應，而導致暴力犯罪風險增加；然而，空污亦可能降低戶外活動意願並減少街頭犯罪。因此本研究著眼現有文獻之不一致性，建議將犯罪類型分為室內與室外，並假設空污將減少室外街頭犯罪，並轉為增加室內家暴風險。以澳洲新南威爾斯州為例，應用地理加權迴歸模型分別探討空污程度與家暴事件及搶劫的關係。結果顯示，該區空污程度越嚴重（空氣質量指數（AQI）越高），其家庭暴力數越多，但搶劫數越少。推論空污對室內室外犯罪行為應會有不同影響。

關鍵字

空氣污染 ； 犯罪行為 ； 地理加權迴歸模型 ； 空氣質量指數

並列摘要

In recent years, air quality has gradually deteriorated, which has affected human behavior patterns, and made air pollution become an important issue. This study took New South Wales, Australia as our study area to define the spatial relationship between air pollution levels and indoor- and outdoor- crimes. By using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression model (GWR), the Air Quality Index (AQI) and other relevant factors are used to predict the number of crimes. The results show that the areas with severer degree of air pollution tend to have more domestic violence (indoor crimes) but less robberies (outdoor crimes).

並列關鍵字

Air Pollution ； Robbery ； Domestic Violence ； Geographically Weighted Regression ； Air Quality Index