模擬機症的後效作用研究

本研究為探討海軍S-70C空勤人員模擬機症所衍生的飛安問題，由於飛行員訓練用的模擬機屬於最容易發生不良後效作用的機型，故以實地測驗和問卷調查的方法，比較飛行員與偵潛官／士的罹患率和症狀特性，包括對執行夜航任務所至依賴的暗視力和縱深感等。研究結果顯示飛行員顯著地較偵潛官／士有模擬機症的傾向，例如明視力、暗視力、和縱深視力的敏銳度在訓後3~5小時，皆呈現顯著地損害。此外，模擬機症特有的視覺干擾和共濟不能，於飛行員和偵潛官／士亦可能持續長達4~5時之久，對地面的活動不無影響。有鑑於美國三軍飛行部隊對模擬機訓練後的飛行限制，皆已有明確的律定，本研究所見，延至訓後的翌晨，各種模擬機症皆告消失，故建議訓後24小時內不宜擔任空勤任務，以策安全。目前，我國空軍使用的其他模擬機雖衍生較少的生理問題，但亦應有所警惕，特別是有動暈症病史者，更要防範飛行中不適症狀的突然發生，以及遵守訓練時的安全規定。

關鍵字

模擬機症；動暈症；共濟不能

並列摘要

Simulation of operational aircraft has become an increasingly important aspect of flight training. Nevertheless, a fairly common side-effect is often experienced during training session in some spohiscated simulators. At present, there are two types of simulator being operated by aircrews of ROC Navy anti-sbumarine helicopter (S-70C). One is specific for tactical sensor operator (ISO) with moving-base pedestal and wide-field-of-view CRT display. While the other is reserved for acoustic sensor operator (ASO) with fixed-base pedestal and light-source projection. On average, the training session lasts for 2 hours. This study is to investigate the potential incidence and syndromes of simulator sickness in these two devices. Thirty-seven TSO's and sixteen ASO's were asked to voluntarily participate during the survey period. Data were obtained by pre-flight and post-flight measurements including photopic vision. scotopic vision, depth perception, and postural control. Besides individual interview and questionnaire were employed to gain further information from each subject. The major finding of this study was that TSO reported much more visual disturbances than ASO for a 5-hour postflight period. Two ataxia tests also showed that simulator training episode markedly affected postural balance in TSO group. The high incidence of simulator sickness is probably related to equipment feature and scenario profiles, which is consistent with the general findings of other studies. Based upon the Motion Sickness Questionnaire, some 78.4% TSO complainted automic nervous system syndromes, but only 31.3% ASO did. The intrinsic susceptibility could contribute to this difference. We suggest that night operation shall be restricted right after simulator sortie for flying safety.

並列關鍵字

simulator sickness ； motion sickness ； ataxia

國際替代計量

模擬機症的後效作用研究

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