部屬工作投入、建言行為與工作壓力關係之研究：領導成員交換關係之調節

A Study of the Relationships among Subordinate Job Involvement, Voice Behavior and Job Stress: The Moderating of Leader-member Exchange

廖巍庭(Liao, Wei-Ting) ； 吳恬妤(Wu, Tien-Yu)

《國防管理學報》 41卷1期 (2020/05) Pp. 77-92

摘要

本研究根據領導－成員交換關係理論（LMX），探討部屬工作投入對於工作壓力進行究，並以部屬的建言行為作為中介變項，探究工作投入對工作壓力間中介效果關係，另外，以領導成員交換關係作為調節變項，探討部屬工作投入與建言行為是否會隨著領導成員交換關係的調節而顯現於工作壓力上。本研究採便利抽樣方式進行問卷收集，以軍事單位的成員為問卷發放對象，共發放250份問卷，回收229份有效問卷，回收率達91.6%。研究結果發現，工作投入對建言行為有正向關係影響，工作投入對工作壓力有負向關係影響，而建言行為對工作壓力有負向關係影響且中介了工作投入與工作壓力間的負向關係，因此單位內部建言行為可能造成部屬工作壓力成因之一；此外，領導－成員交換關係品質（LMX）調節工作投入與建言行為間的關係。軍事單位與一般行業別部屬的工作形態絕然不同，除其職責工作外，更要接受主管另外臨機指派的角色外行為，且績效全然由主管主觀評定，角色外工作行為非具實質專業性，工作壓力源自然在個體心中產生，在強制管理及人力縮減下經常肇生對主管不滿、情緒耗竭、職場退卻與離職行為等，部屬建言的提出攸關部份工作壓力的抒發、排解。由結果顯示，本研究探討建言行為是否會因而做為中介、領導成員交換關係的交互作用有助於組織領導（管理）者對於建言行為及領導－成員交換關係品質間影響的重要性，以能在提供軍事單位作為管理措施方面進行適當修正與改善建議。

關鍵字

工作投入 ； 工作壓力 ； 建言行為 ； 領導成員交換關係

並列摘要

Based on the theory of leader-member exchange relations (LMX), this study proposes that job involvement correlate the behavior of voice with job stress, and use the constructive behavior of the organization as an mediator to explore work-related job stress. This study used a convenient sampling method for the collection of questionnaires that for members of the Taiwan Military Unit. A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed and 229 valid questionnaires were recovered. The recovery rate was 91.6%. The results of the study found that job involvement has a positive influence on the voice behavior, and job involvement and voice behavior have a negative influence on job stress, whereas voice behavior mediate the negative relationship between job involvement and job stress, resulting in internal voice behavior may cause one of the causes of employee job stress; in addition, the leadership-member exchange relationship (LMX) moderating between job involvement and voice behavior. The military unit is different from of the general business. In addition to its duties, that also subject to the extra roles behavior assigned by the supervisor. The performance is assessed by the supervisor, and the extra roles behavior is not substantive professional. The stress of work is naturally generated in the individual's mind. Under the compulsive management and manpower decrease, dissatisfaction, emotional exhaustion, retreat of the workplace and the resignation behavior are often generated. The subordinates' voice is related to the bursting and dispelling of work pressures. The results show that this study explores whether the behavior of the assertive action will act as an intermediary, and the interaction of the leadership members exchanges the importance of the influence of the organizational leadership (management) on the quality of the constructive behavior and the leadership-member exchange relationship. Proper amendments and improvements are made in the provision of military units as management measures.

並列關鍵字

Job Involvement ； Job Stress ； Voice Behavior ； Leader-Member Exchange