優秀蹼泳選手出發動作之生物力學分析

Biomechanical Analysis of Elite Finswimmers' Start Movement

李建勳(Chien-Hsun Lee) ； 戴至禾(Chih-Ho Tai) ； 戴國輝(Huo-Hui Tai) ； 陳羿揚(Yi-Yang Chen) ； 涂瑞洪(Jui-Hung Tu)

《體育學報》 46卷3期 (2013/09) Pp. 221-230

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.4602.201309.0904

摘要

目的：本研究主要針對蹼泳推蹬式與全腳掌式出發動作進行運動生物力學分析，並根據研究結果提出具體建議。方法：以8名青少年優秀蹼泳選手為受試者，每位受試者分別以推瞪式與全腳掌式於跳臺上進行出發，利用二臺高速攝影機（Casio EX-ZR200，120 Hz）擷取影像，一部架於受試者左側，收集受試者矢狀面出發運動學資料；另一部架於15公尺目標線，拍攝受試者到達目標線瞬間。並於跳臺上架設測力板（Kislter 9260AA6，1200 Hz）同步擷取資料。研究參數利用成對樣本t檢定，針對兩種出發方式運動學與動力學參數進行考驗。結果：推蹬式在攻角、起跳瞬間的水平、垂直速度以及飛行距離優於全腳掌式，到達15公尺目標的時間亦較短；在動力學分析方面顯示推蹬式在最大水平反作用力與水平衝量顯著大於全腳掌式。結論：透過運動生物力學的分析，顯示推蹬式出發動作優於全腳掌式出發動作，表示推蹬式出發有其優勢，本研究所得結果可以提供教練與選手在競技比賽中的策略應用。

關鍵字

推蹬式 ； 全腳掌式 ； 攻角 ； 衝量

並列摘要

Purpose: This study conducted biomechanics analysis on the start movement of push start and sole of the foot start in finswimming, and proposed specific suggestions according to the research results. Methods: Eight subjects of teenaged elite finswimmers were tested, starting from a diving platform, with the push start and the sole of the foot start, respectively. Two high speed cameras (Casio EX-ZR200, 120 Hz) were used to capture the motion. One camera was installed on the left of the subject to collect the sagittal starting kinematics parameter; the other was installed at the target line at a distance of 15 meters to record the arriving subject. A force plate was installed on the diving platform (Kislter 9260AA6, 1200 Hz) to capture kinetics data. The data was employed for pairwise sample t-testing to review the kinematic and kinetic parameters. Results: The push start showed better angle of attack, horizontal and vertical velocity at the instant of take-off, flight distance, and less time required to arrive at the target at a distance of 15 meters than the sole of the foot strat. The kinetic analysis suggested that the maximum horizontal reaction force and momentum of push start is significantly greater than those of the sole of the foot start. Conclusions: The biomechanical analysis results showed that, start movement with the push start is better than that with the sole of the foot start, suggesting that the push start has its advantages. The findings can serve as references to coaches and athletes in strategic application.

並列關鍵字

push start ； sole of the foot start ； angle of attack ； momentum

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