台灣地區日常生活功能獨立之中老年人體適能與年齡性別相關探討

Assessment of Physical Fitness to Age and Sex in Middle and Older Persons with Independent Activities of Daily Living

陳凱華(Kai-Hua Chen) ； 周適偉(Shi-Wei Chou) ； 林瀛洲(In-Chou Lin) ； 蘇先河(River S. H. Su) ； 黃偉舜(Wei-Shun Huang) ； 黃美涓(Alice M. K. Wong)

《中華民國復健醫學會雜誌》 31卷3期 (2003/09) Pp. 139-145

摘要

Previous studies have investigated the relationship between impaired physical fitness and the decline of living function in the elderly population. This study is to investigate the fitness profile in the middle and older persons, and to observe the effect of age on fitness.
This study recruited 108 subjects, with independent ambulation skills in a Taipei community. There were 59 males and 49 females. The average age was 70.0±6.2 year-old in male and 65.9±8.9 year-old in female, respectively. The fitness components, including body composition, muscle fitness, flexibility, cardiopulmonary fitness, balance, and reaction time, were measured by either field or laboratory methods.
The results revealed significantly differences in flexibility, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and forced vital capacity (FVC) between the two sexes (p＜0.05). Muscle fitness and FEV1 declined in male subjects as their age increase (p＜0.05). In female subjects, age increase revealed significant decline in cardiopulmonary fitness, increase in reaction time, and decrease in standing time with eyes closed (p＜0.05). However, flexibility in female subjects seemed to improve with age increase (p＜0.05). There were no significant correlations between the effect of aging and the remaining measured fitness components.
In conclusion, most of the fitness components in middle and older persons exhibited negative correlations with age increase. Male subjects revealed significant decline in muscle fitness and cardiopulmonary fitness. Female subjects, on the other hand, revealed significant decline in cardiopulmonary fitness, visual reaction time and balance capability. The effect of age on physical fitness in other races needs further investigations.

關鍵字

體適能 ； 年齡 ； 平衡 ； 反應時間

並列摘要

Previous studies have investigated the relationship between impaired physical fitness and the decline of living function in the elderly population. This study is to investigate the fitness profile in the middle and older persons, and to observe the effect of age on fitness.
This study recruited 108 subjects, with independent ambulation skills in a Taipei community. There were 59 males and 49 females. The average age was 70.0±6.2 year-old in male and 65.9±8.9 year-old in female, respectively. The fitness components, including body composition, muscle fitness, flexibility, cardiopulmonary fitness, balance, and reaction time, were measured by either field or laboratory methods.
The results revealed significantly differences in flexibility, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and forced vital capacity (FVC) between the two sexes (p＜0.05). Muscle fitness and FEV1 declined in male subjects as their age increase (p＜0.05). In female subjects, age increase revealed significant decline in cardiopulmonary fitness, increase in reaction time, and decrease in standing time with eyes closed (p＜0.05). However, flexibility in female subjects seemed to improve with age increase (p＜0.05). There were no significant correlations between the effect of aging and the remaining measured fitness components.
In conclusion, most of the fitness components in middle and older persons exhibited negative correlations with age increase. Male subjects revealed significant decline in muscle fitness and cardiopulmonary fitness. Female subjects, on the other hand, revealed significant decline in cardiopulmonary fitness, visual reaction time and balance capability. The effect of age on physical fitness in other races needs further investigations.

並列關鍵字

physical fitness ； age ； balance ； reaction time