國會改造之選舉制度方案比較

Comparing Electoral Systems for Congressional Reform

蔡學儀(William Tsai)

《選舉研究》 9卷2期 (2002/11) Pp. 117-150

https://doi.org/10.6612/tjes.2002.09.02.117-150

摘要

最近幾年選舉改革話題炙手可熱，尤其去年五月五日陳總統於第五次政府改造會議後，宣佈推動立法委員自第六屆起將改由單一選區兩票並立制產生，引起朝野熱烈討論，更一度讓整個話題推到高峰。即使選舉改革在我國已經討論將近七年，但對於相關替代方案的研究和比較分析仍不多見，為充分了解不同替代方案的政治效應、改革效果以及可行性，本文嘗試就目前朝野各黨所提出的四項主要替代方案：單一選區兩票並立制、單一選區兩票聯立制、中選區兩票制和開放式名單比例代表制，針對「滿足選民改革期許」、「穩定憲政運作效果」、「既得利益者接受程度」、「政黨選擇偏好之共識」、「選區劃分之可行性」、「制度是否簡單易行」等深入比較分析，以充分了解這些不同選舉方案在不同因素下的影響和效應。

關鍵字

選舉制度 ； 選舉改革 ； 單一選區兩票并立制 ； 單一選區兩票聯立制 ； 中選區兩票制 ； 開放式名單比例代表制

並列摘要

Calling for electoral reform is particularly harsh in the recent years, especially after President Chen announced to adopt Single-Member Constituency Parallel System for the forthcoming general elections after the Conference for Governmental Reform on 5th May 2002. Unfortunately, comparison studies on alternative methods are still few. In order to advance understandings on concerned circumstances, this article tries to analyse and compare political consequences, reform effects and feasibilities of major alternative systems, i. e. Single-Member Constituency Parallel System, Mixed-Member Proportional (MMP), Medium-Sized Constituency Parallel System, and Open-list Proportional Representation, called by different parties in the congress.

並列關鍵字

Electoral System ； Electoral Reform ； Single-Member Constituency Parallel System ； Mixed-Member Proportional ； Medium-Size Constituency Parallel System ； Open-list Proportional Representation

參考文獻

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