民眾對立法委員選舉之政黨不分區名單的認知與影響：以2008年立法委員選舉為例

People's Perception of the Party Lists in Taiwan's 2008 Legislative Election and It's Effect

蕭怡靖(Yi-Ching Hsiao)

《選舉研究》 19卷1期 (2012/05) Pp. 33-67

https://doi.org/10.6612/tjes.2012.19.01.33-67

摘要

台灣2008年立法委員選舉，首度採取「單一選區兩票並立制」（Mixed-member majoritarian system, MMM）。選民同時握有兩張選票，一票投給區域候選人，另一票則是投給政黨。理論上，選民對政黨票的投票抉擇，應該考量各政黨提名名單的良窳，做出最終的投票決定。只是在政黨的實際政治操作，及多數民眾並不瞭解新選制內容的情形下，民眾對主要政黨不分區名單的認知情形如何？能否對名單做出印象偏好？尤其對政黨票的投票抉擇是否具有影響力？本文利用「台灣選舉與民主化調查」在2008年立法委員選舉後，所進行的全國面訪計畫（TEDS2008L）進行分析。結果發現，台灣民眾對主要政黨不分區名單的認知程度並不高，也有近半數民眾對不分區名單不具印象偏好。但即便如此，當民眾對某政黨不分區名單的認知程度提高，或是對某政黨名單有較佳的印象時，即有顯著偏高的機率將票投給該政黨。這顯示，政黨若提高不分區名單的素質並加強宣傳，將有助爭取民眾的選票支持。

關鍵字

單一選區兩票並立制 ； 立法委員選舉 ； 封閉式政黨名單 ； 投票抉擇

並列摘要

The mixed-member majoritarian system was first adopted in the 2008 legislative election in Taiwan. In accordance with this electoral system, each voter has two ballots to cast at the same time. The first ballot is for the candidates in the single member district, and the second is for the party list, which determines the seats each party receives. Theoretically, voters' decision on the second ballot depends not only on his or her party identification but also on the quality of party list. Since the two ballots system was recently adopted in 2008, most people are not familiar with the mixed-member majoritarian system. Therefore, this article attempts to examine the voters' perception of the party list and their preference, and furthermore to assess whether their perception and preference would affect their voting choice on the second ballot. The empirical survey data of TEDS2008L is analyzed in this article to answer these questions. It is found that while most voters can neither recognize the names on the lists of the two major parties nor indicate their preference among the lists. However, voters are significantly more likely to vote for the party list they recognize or prefer. This result indicates that parties should make every endeavor to enhance the quality of the party list in order to receive more votes in this newly adopted electoral system in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

mixed-member majoritarian system ； legislative election ； closed party list ； voting choice