Phenology of Cibotium taiwanense (Dicksoniaceae)

台灣金狗毛蕨的物候現象

邱文良(Wen-Liang Chiou) ； 林志欽(Jyh-Chin Lin) ； 王中原(Jong-Yung Wang)

《台灣林業科學》 16卷4期 (2001/12) Pp. 209-215

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200112.0209

摘要

本研究自1998年6月至2000年10月間，觀察生長於台灣北部的台灣金狗毛蕨的物候現象，包括其萌芽期，展葉期，枯萎期，孢子成熟與發散期。抽芽分別發生於每年的晚冬至初春及夏季，前者（12月至次年5月）發生之捲芽，不論其發生於何月，大部份在6月全展；發生於夏季者，則在1-3個月間全展。前者多形成孕性葉，後者則多為不孕性葉，即使其發育有孢子，孢子量亦少，且多發育不良。可孕葉發芽於前半年者，其孢子於下半年成熟，但至第二年始發散；可孕葉發芽於後半年者，其孢子則延至第二年始成熟及發散；這些孢子都在溫暖季節（5-10月）發散。平均而言，可孕葉大於不可孕葉，且前者壽命（平均25月）較後者（16月）為長。本觀察中，溫度及（／或）所伴隨之較長光照期，對台灣金狗毛蕨的這些物候現象顯然大於雨量。

關鍵字

台灣金狗毛蕨 ； 蚌殼蕨科 ； 蕨類物候 ； 生殖生物學

並列摘要

The phenology of Cibotium taiwanense Kuo in northern Taiwan, including frond emergence, expansion and senescence, and spore maturation and liberation, was monitored from June 1998 to October 2000. Each year, a first cohort of fronds emerged in late winter/early spring and a second cohort emerged during the summer. Most croziers appearing in December to May did not expand fully until June, regardless of the month they emerged. Croziers emerging in other months expanded completely in one to three months. Most fronds of the first cohort were fertile, whereas most fronds of the second cohort were sterile. Most of the fertile fronds in the latter cohort had only small numbers of spores, which were poorly developed. Spores produced on fronds that emerged from the first half year matured during the latter half of the year but were not shed until the following year. Spores produced on fronds that emerged during latter half year matured and were shed during the following year. Most of these spores were released during the warm season (May to October). On average, fertile fronds were larger and lived longer than the sterile ones (25 months vs. 16 months, on average). The phenology of C. taiwanense of this observation seems to be affected more by temperature and/or the accompanied longer photoperiod rather than by rainfall.

並列關鍵字

Cibotium taiwanense ； Dicksoniaceae ； fern phenology ； reproductive biology