以科學過程技能融入動手做工藝教材培養國小學童科學創造力

On Scientific Process Skill Training to Primary School Students' Scientific Creativity

李賢哲(Shyan-Jer Lee) ； 李彥斌(Yen-Bin Lee)

《科學教育學刊》 10卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 341-372

https://doi.org/10.6173/CJSE.2002.1004.01

摘要

當前科學教育的重要目標之一乃在於提高全體國民之科學素養，藉此培養科學創造力，以提昇國家整體的競爭力；而科學創造力的培養，應可從小做起。本研究藉著實際動手做的課程教材，透過科學過程技能之訓練，應用創造性活動與評量工具之設計，來培育與提昇國小學童之科學創造力。本研究之科學活動過程技能，主要包括：觀察學習、統整分類、選擇決定、設計繪圖、使用工具材料、實驗操作、測量記錄、查看描述、比較分析、和命名等十項。透過自行研發之飛行創作活動學習單元與科學過程技能測驗，來評量學童之科學過程技能。科學創造力則分為：開放性、變通性、獨創性、流暢性、精密性與標題等六項，以「科學創造思考活動」與「威廉斯創造性思考活動」，作為前測與後測之工具；並相對搭配國小「看一看、想一想、比一比、說一說、畫一畫、做一做、寫一寫」等各種活動。國小學童在歷經科學過程技能訓練後，於科學創造力之評量，實驗組與對照組之前測平均分數相近；但後測時，實驗組平均分數明顯高於對照組；尤其在科學創造力之精密性部分，實驗組顯著高於對照組。

關鍵字

科學創造力 ； 科學過程技能 ； 國小學童 ； 動手做 ； 評量工具

並列摘要

One of the main goals of our current science education is to increase everyone's scientific literacy and creativity. With that happening, national competence could be enhanced. Also, it is believed that one's scientific creativity can be developed in his or her childhood. The research found out how a hands-on curriculum, scientific process skill training, creativity activities and assessment tool design could develop and uplift primary school students' creativity. Ten scientific process skills consisted of observing, summarizing, selecting, designing and drawing, tool applying, experiment operating, measuring, depicting, comparing and analyzing, and naming. Students' scientific process skills were evaluated via a test designed by the researchers. Scientific creativity, which is mainly composed of openness, flexibility, originality, fluency, precision and entitling, was assessed with William's Creativity Assessment. The researchers found that, after given the scientific process skill training, students' average score of scientific creativity raised, especially in precision. Therefore, it was inferred that scientific creativity can be improved by conducting on students scientific process skill training.

並列關鍵字

Scientific Creativity ； Scientific Process Skill ； Elementary Students ； Hands-On ； Assessment Tools

參考文獻

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