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臺灣毛豬屠體運輸最適轉運量及其肉品批發市場最適家數之研究

A Study of Optimal Weight of Transshipment Points and Optimal Number of Wholesale Markets after Taiwan Carcass Meat Transportation System Established

摘要


根據歷年毛豬運銷成本之研究,活毛豬在運銷階段中的運費平均佔總運銷成本50%上下,且不同運輸途徑所佔比例明顯具差異性。突顯了毛豬運輸配置效率影響毛豬運銷成本及農民收益之可能。為使毛豬運輸過程安全又快速,方法之一為建立屠體運輸系統,藉由屠體運輸可達下列三項目的:毛豬在運輸過程中之失重或傷亡率可減少,運費可大幅降低(一輛15噸運豬車,可載350頭屠體或50頭毛豬),同時可改善台灣虐待動物之形象。畢竟毛豬在高速公路或大街小巷中穿梭,對台灣整體形象有負面作用,但屠體運輸則可改善此現象。因此,本文假設台灣實施屠體運輸後,在追求整體供銷收入最大的前題下,考慮各行政區的毛豬價格及運輸成本及毛豬處理成本,各行政區的毛豬屠體應如何轉運,使其既能滿足各行政區的需求,又能使整體運銷收入極大,以提高農民所得,成為本研究之重點。本研究利用數學規劃模式以求最適解,模式執行結果顯示外在大環境變動不大的情形下,除非台北縣、彰化縣及高雄市三家肉品批發市場努力降低經營成本,否則此三家肉品批發市場應關閉,至於其他肉品批發市場則仍可繼續營運。

並列摘要


The purpose of this research is to build a mathematical model in order to determine the optimal weights of transshipment points and optimal number of wholesale markets when Taiwan carcass meat transportation system is established. The objective of this mathematical model is to maximize the revenue for the whole Taiwan hog industry The factors considered in this research include hog auction price, fixed and variable cost of each current hog wholesale market, transportation cost and slaughtering fee. The result shows that hog wholesale markets in Taipei county Chang-hua county and Kaohsiung city should be closed unless their managers can do something to decrease transportation and marketing costs or to increase hog auction price.

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