複合式訓練對改善競技體操表現之應用

Application of Complex Training for Improvement in Competitive Gymnastics Performance

翁士航(Shih-Hang Weng) ； 俞智贏(Chi-Ying Yu) ； 謝富秀(Fu-Hsiu Hsieh)

《大專體育》 135期 (2015/12) Pp. 45-52

https://doi.org/10.6162/SRR.2015.135.04

摘要

主流項目田徑、游泳、體操各司其陸、海、空特性。競技體操發展過程中皆需完成於空中騰翻動作，滯空能力一般影響著體操運動員落地穩定性，所以下肢爆發能力提升便是騰空條件重點。本文的目的是透過複合式訓練，建立重量訓練與增強訓練的機制觀點。研究方法是以運動員接受高負荷重量訓練來改善肌肉力量輸出，接著從事增強訓練來提升速度並改善肌肉收縮反應與神經傳導，使肌肉神經系統發生刺激適應而產生興奮反應，最後獲得複合效果。結語指出藉此達成改善運動表現之輔助訓練，用以增廣更多相關訓練理論操作。建議未來研究方向可朝向多種訓練法同時進行（運動）項目、技術、體能效益比較，探討所謂黃金訓練課表，以利實務操作。

關鍵字

運動員 ； 生理機制 ； 肌肉神經刺激

並列摘要

Track and field, swimming, and gymnastics are mainstream sports with distinctive land, sea and air features. Competitive gymnastics involves body movements of rolling in mid-air, and staying airborne influences athletes’ ability to achieve a stable landing; moreover, the improvement of power in the lower limbs is key to remaining airborne. The purpose of this study was to employ complex training to build a system of training consisting of heavy weight training and intensified training. The research method proposed that athletes improve the output of muscle power through greater weight training, then intensify their training to increase speed and improve muscle contraction reaction and nerve transmission. These allow the muscles and nervous system to adapt to the stimulus and produce exciting reactions, thus gaining composite effects. The conclusion shows that this method enhanced training achieved the goal of improving sports performance by applying additional related training theories. It was suggested that future research should be geared towards employing multiple training methods (different sports and techniques) simultaneously and comparing their effects to explore the so-called golden training schedule for practical use.

並列關鍵字

athlete ； physical mechanism ； muscle and nerve stimulation

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