社區獨居老人人格韌性、社會支持與生活滿意度相關性研究

The Relationship of Personality Hardiness, Social Support, and Life Satisfaction among Older Adults Living Alone in Community

連雅棻(Ya-Fen Lien) ； 黃惠滿(Hui-Man Huang) ； 蘇貞瑛(Chen-Ying Su)

《長期照護雜誌》 12卷2期 (2008/07) Pp. 161-178

https://doi.org/10.6317/LTC.200807_12(2).0006

摘要

本研究目的主在瞭解社區獨居老人之人格韌性、社會支持、生活滿意度，及人格韌性、社會支持與生活滿意度之間的相關性，並進一步探討預測生活滿意度的因素。採橫斷式相關性調查法，以設籍於台北市萬華區65歲以上的120位獨居老人為研究對象，使用問卷收集人口學特質、人格韌性、社會支持與生活滿意度之資料。以t檢定、變異數分析、皮爾森相關分析、和複迴歸進行統計分析。研究結果顯示：(1)社區獨居老人具有中等程度之人格韌性、社會支持、及較低的生活滿意度；而社會支持來源最多來自朋友、鄰居或同事。(2)影響社區獨居老人人格韌性在人口學特質中有教育程度、子女數、經濟來源、及目前罹病數；生活滿意度之影響因素為身份、經濟來源、及目前罹病數。(3)人格韌性、社會支持、和生活滿意程度呈顯著正相關。(4)目前罹病數、社會支持、經濟來源、及人格韌性四因素，可解釋生活滿意度總變異量39.8%。在護理實務上，護理人員應加強評估獨居老人的人格韌性和了解其社會支持程度，以提昇其生活滿意程度。

關鍵字

獨居老人 ； 人格韌性 ； 社會支持 ； 生活滿意度

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand the personality hardiness, social support, and life satisfaction among older adults living alone in community, and to further explore the relationships among them and factors predicted life satisfaction. A cross-sectional correlation design was used in this study. One hundred and twenty older adults living alone in Wan Hua county of Taipei city were interviewed. Questionnaires included ”Demographic Inventory”, ”Health Related Hardiness Scale”, ”Inventory of Socially Supportive Behaviors”, and ”Life Satisfaction Scale”. T-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and Multiple regression were used to analyze data. The results indicated: (1) The older adults living alone had a middle level of personality hardiness, social support, and a lower level of life satisfaction. Friends, neighbors, and co-workers were the most used social support system. (2) Educational level, children number, economic resources, and the number of current health problems were the major predicting factor of personality hardiness. Status, economic resources, and the number of current health problems were three significant factors in predicting life satisfaction. (3) There were significantly positive correlation among personality hardiness, social support, and life satisfaction. (4) The number of recent health problems, social support, economic resources, and personality hardiness explained for 39.8% of the variance in life satisfaction. In caring older adults living alone, nurses should increase their personality hardiness and social support in order to promote their life satisfaction.

並列關鍵字

older adults living alone ； personality hardiness ； social support ； life satisfaction