四技新生生活壓力、自我效能與因應策略之探討

The Study of Life Stress, Self-efficacy, and Coping Strategies in College Freshmen

王琳雅(Wang-Ling Ya) ； 林綽娟(Chouh-Jiaun Lin)

《健康促進暨衛生教育雜誌》 26期 (2006/12) Pp. 1-15

摘要

研究目的係探討四技大一學生活壓力、一般自我效能與因應策略之關係。
研究方法採用問卷調查法，以五所台中縣市四技大一新生為研究對象。經分層隨機抽樣，共得827份有效樣本。研究工具包括生活壓力量表、一般自我效能量表、因應策略量表與個人基本背景等四項。經測試具有良好之信、效度。本研究對象以女性、私校、商／管理學院學生居多。
研究結果發現研究對象的生活壓力主要來源為「學校／課業方面」，其次為「人生目標方面」。「一般自我效能」得分男性高於女性，其平均分數與國外研究結果相較下得分較低。遭受壓力事件時，研究對象最常使用為「正向因應」策略，使用較少的為「負向因應」策略。「一般自我效能」為正向因應策略最顯著之預測因子。「生活壓力」感受為負向因應策略最顯著之預測因子。「性別」與「一般自我效能」則可共同預測正、負向因應策略。
結論與建議為提供學校相關教師與護理人員，可依學生蔣性設計不同健康教育活動與課程內容，協助學生減低生活壓力，提高個人一般自我效能及正向因應策略之採行。

關鍵字

一般自我效能 ； 四技新生 ； 生活壓力 ； 因應策略

並列摘要

Aims of the research are that a cross-sectional research design was applied to explore the relationships among life stress, general self-efficacy, and coping strategies in college freshmen.
Methods of the research are that the 827 participants were selected from technology colleges in middle Taiwan. Instruments included four scales: life stress scale, general self- efficacy scale, coping strategies scale, and basic background. The results of validity and reliability are examined.
Results showed that 1) Major dimensions of life stress in this group were school works and life goals. 2) Male students' score in general self-efficacy was higher than female's. 3) Positive dimensions strategies were frequently coping strategies in this population. Negative dimensions strategies were used infrequently. 4) General self-efficacy is a major predictor in positive coping strategies. Life stress is a major predictor in negative coping strategies. Gender and general self-efficacy are major predictors in positive and negative coping strategies.
Conclusions and suggestions are that college teachers and nurses should offer curriculum and actions for students of different characteristic to reduce life stress, improve general self-efficacy. and prompt taking positive coping strategies.

並列關鍵字

space college freshmen ； coping strategies ； general self-efficacy ； life stress