灰關聯分析法輔助設計方案評價模式之建構

Establishing an Evaluation Model for Design Alternatives Using Grey Relational Analysis

王振琤(Chen-Cheng Wang) ； 李穎杰(Ying-Jye Lee)

《設計學研究》 9卷1期 (2006/07) Pp. 43-62

https://doi.org/10.30105/JDS.200607.0003

摘要

建構有效的設計方案評價模式，有助於在激烈市場中發展一項具競爭力的成功產品。本研究以個人數位助理為目標產品進行發展與評價之研究範例，經由解析產品的設計元素與定義所要發展的產品意象，開發數個可行性高的設計方案，並建構以灰關聯分析法為基礎的設計方案評價模式，其作法首先係從消費者的需求中，萃取出關鍵性之評價準則類別與清單，利用層級分析法計算各準則的權值，使設計者更加了解消費者需求的重要性程度。並對個人數位助理進行資料收集與分析，以利確認出構成目標產品的各種不同的設計元素，包含機能性與外觀造形特徵，解構介面元素的配置方法與形態變化，並定義明確之產品意象設計考量因素，以作為設計依據並進行產品之構想發展，並對5項發展的概念設計產品，以7階評估尺度之語言變數進行評分，將決策者評斷結果經過聚集運算處理後，可求得決策矩陣，以利進行灰關聯分析法，依據各概念設計方案與最佳組合方案的灰關聯度，可作為最終評價的排序依據。結果顯示所提出的評價模式可有效協助設計者進行產品設計程序中之設計決策

關鍵字

評價模式 ； 灰色關聯分析 ； 產品設計 ； 層級分析法

並列摘要

Establishing an effective evaluation mode for design alternatives is critical to develop a successful and competitive product in the intense marketplace. In this study, the personal digital assistant (PDA) was used as a targeted product to be developed and evaluated. Several highly feasible design alternatives were created based on the analyzed concepts of design elements and desired product images. The evaluation model is base on the algorithms of grey relational analysis. The evaluation criteria were collected and screened from the customer's requirements. The priorities of criteria were also assessed using the analytic hierarchy process and thus the designers can better understanding the importance degrees of customer's requirements. According to the analyzed data for PDA, the design components including functionalities and form features were identified. The layout and various form types of design components and product image were also defined to conduct product development. Five design alternatives were measured using rating scales of linguistic variables. After aggregation operation for the judgment of decision makers, the decision matrix can be derived for the grey relational analysis. Based upon the analyzed grey relational degrees of each design alternative associated an ideal solution, the ranking order for design alternatives can be obtained. The results indicate the proposed evaluation model can assist designers to conduct effective design decision in the product development process.

並列關鍵字

Evaluation model ； Grey relational analysis ； Product design ； Analytic hierarchy process

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