在地老化－從高齡友善社區出發

Age in Place: Perspective from Age-friendly Community

黃若盈(Jo-Ying Huang) ； 徐慧娟(Hui-Chuan Hsu) ； 羅素英(Shu-Ying Lo) ； 劉家秀(Chia-Hsiu Liu) ； 劉芳(Megan F. Liu)

《新臺北護理期刊》 23卷2期 (2021/09) Pp. 1-12

https://doi.org/10.6540/NTJN.202109_23(2).0001

摘要

在我國人口結構走向超高齡化之趨勢下，高齡化議題對於台灣社會的影響層面將會越來越廣泛、劇烈，人口老化該如何因應，成為政府當前面臨重要課題。根據衛生福利部統計處對於老人生活狀況之調查結果指出，多數高齡者部分仍傾向留在家中接受子女照顧。順應國際趨勢，行政院以「人口政策白皮書」、「友善關懷老人服務方案第二期計畫」、「高齡社會白皮書」等計畫方針，持續建置高齡者健康生活及無障礙的友善環境，強化在地老化相關之高齡福利措施的落實；而衛生福利部國民健康署則持續推動高齡友善城市及社區計畫，改善城市或社區中軟硬體不足之處，建立高齡友善環境。本新論主要呈現我國高齡友善社區推動現況，以及社區端對於政策執行可能面臨的問題，期能為促進在地老化之相關高齡友善福利措施提供方向。本新論呈現目前我國高齡友善社區推動現況，因地方城鄉差距大，導致資源分配不均，且政府單位跨部會之連結性不佳，仰賴衛生單位主責；社區端資金與人力常面臨斷炊隱憂，相關硬體設備佈建率仍待加強，相關高齡友善資訊之深度及廣度不足，難以扭轉整體社會對於高齡者之歧視。因此，為了強化社區健康服務支持網絡，有效達成在地老化之目標，建議方向則有：（一）資源分配應考量區域落差；（二）鼓勵跨局處溝通平台，有效整合行政資源；（三）考量高齡者需求，檢視並修訂現行法規；（四）強化社區支持網絡；（五）創新課程內容，提升高齡者參與意願；（六）多元資訊傳遞管道；（七）開創3C產業銀髮市場；（八）扭轉高齡歧視，促進世代融合。

關鍵字

在地老化 ； 高齡友善 ； 高齡友善社區

並列摘要

With the trend of Taiwan's population moving toward super-aged society, the issue of aging will have more extensive impacts on our society. It has become an important issue on how to deal with the aging population. According to the results of a survey conducted by the Statistics Department of the Ministry of Health and Welfare on the living conditions of the older adults, most of the older adults still tend to stay at home and receive care from their children. In accordance with global trend, the Executive Yuan has continued to build a healthy and barrier-free environment for the older adults with the ＂Population Policy White Paper＂, the ＂Second Phase of the Friendly Care Service Program for the Elderly＂, and the ＂White Paper on the Elderly Society＂, by strengthening the implementation of welfare measures related to aging in place. The Health Promotion Administration of the Ministry of Health and Welfare continues to promote the age-friendly city and community projects, to improve the lack of software and hardware, in goal to establish a friendly environment for the older adults. This paper provides the current status of age-friendly communities and the problems that the community may face at the implementation stage. It is expected to provide directions for aging-related welfare measures advancement for the older adults. This paper descripts the current status of age-friendly community advancement. Resources are unevenly distributed due to the gap between urban and rural areas; and the inter-department interaction within the government are not well connected, and thus rely heavily on the health unit; community often face the lack of funds and manpower and the establishment rate of hardware equipment still needs to be strengthened; the depth and breadth of age-friendly information is insufficient, and it is difficult to reverse the overall society's stigma against older adults. Therefore, in order to strengthen the community health service support network and effectively achieve the goal of age in place, the suggested directions are as follows: (1) Resource allocation should take into account urban and rural differences; (2) Encourage communication across departments and offices to effectively integrate administrative resources; (3) Consider the needs of the older adults, review and revise current laws and regulations; (4) Strengthen the community support network; (5) Provide innovative course to enhance the willingness to participate of older adults (6) Offered diversified communication channels; (7) Create 3C industry within older adults; (8) Reverse age stigma and promote the integration of generations.

並列關鍵字

Aging in Place ； Aging-friendly ； Aging-friendly Community

參考文獻

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Janine L. W., Annette L., Nancy G., Jeanne R.,& Ruth E. S. A.,(2012). The Meaning of “Aging in Place” to Older People. The Gerontologist, 52, 3, 357-366, https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnr098。

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行政院（2013）・人口政策白皮書─少子女化、高齡化及移民─。臺北市：行政院・取自 https://www.ndc.gov.tw/cp.aspx?n=fbbd5fe5e5f21981。

行政院（2014年12月8日）・行政院第3428次院會決議・【行政院會議】・取自 https://www.ey.gov.tw/Page/4EC2394BE4EE9DD0/eb8e905f-863c-4843-8a44-02f33d10b7fc。