優秀與一般籃球選手跳投動作之運動學分析

Kinematic Analysis of Different Jump Shots in Elite and Non-Elite Basketball Players

湯文慈(Wen-Tzu Tang) ； 孫錦祥(Chin-Hsiung Sun) ； 黃奕銘(Yi-Ming Huang)

《大專體育學刊》 11卷3期 (2009/09) Pp. 69-79

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.200909_11(3).0005

摘要

本研究目的主要分析優秀與一般籃球選手跳投動作的運動學參數。以三維動作分析系統拍攝8名優秀組超級籃球聯賽（SBL）選手與8名一般組大專甲三級選手的原地跳投與運球跨步跳投，分析此兩種等級選手在不同跳投的右側慣用側各關節角速度峰值與峰值出現時間。資料以獨立樣本t考驗比較兩種等級之差異，並以相依樣本t考驗以比較兩種跳投之差異。結果顯示：無論是優秀或是一般選手，兩種跳投方式的上肢各關節角速度峰值皆未有顯著差異，但下肢則膝與踝關節於跨步投籃皆顯著增加（p<.05）。在原地跳投方面，一般大專選手之膝與踝關節角速度峰值顯著大於優秀籃球選手（p<.05）；優秀SBL籃球選手之腕關節角速度峰值顯著大於一般大專籃球選手（p<.05）；在運球跨步跳投方面，一般大專籃球選手之膝、踝關節角速度峰值顯著大於優秀籃球選手（p<.05）；優秀SBL籃球選手在原地跳投的腕關節角速度峰值出現時間顯著晚於一般大專籃球選手（p<.05）。原地跳投與運球跨步跳投的上肢運動學參數相似的趨勢不因等級的不同而有異。唯優秀SBL選手之腕部峰值出現時間因投籃加跨步動作而提早。優秀SBL選手的投籃動作主要依賴右手腕，而一般大專選手則以肘、膝與踝來控制投籃力道。

關鍵字

三維動作分析系統 ； 原地跳投 ； 運球跨步跳投 ； 角速度

並列摘要

This study was focused to analyze the characteristics of kinematic of jump shots between elite and non-elite collegiate basketball players. Eight SBL (Super Basketball League) and 8 collegiate (Class A3) basketball players were participated in elite and non-elite groups respectively. Both groups performed two kinds of basketball shots, dribble jump shot and set shot, which were captured by three-dimensional motion analysis system. Three-dimensional kinematic at each joint of whole body was analyzed to gain peak angular velocity and timing pattern. All values of this study were compared by t-test. Peak angular velocity of upper limb was observed with no significant difference between two kinds of shots in both elite and nonelite players. However, knee and ankle of the lower limb showed higher peak angular velocity for the dribble shot. During set shot and dribble jump shot, peak angular velocity of the right ankle and right knee was greater in non-elite than in elite player (p＜.05). The peak angular velocity of the right wrist was greater, as well as, much more delay of time to peak angular velocity was observed in elite than in non-elite player during set shot (p＜.05). From this data we concluded that the three-dimensional characteristics of the kinematic of set shot and dribble jump shot in upper limb were similar. The elite player relied on right wrist to execute set shot whereas the non-elite player relays more on right knee and ankle.

並列關鍵字

three-dimensional motion analysis system ； dribble jump shot ； set shot ； angular velocity

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