樂觀訓練課程對國小高年級學童樂觀信念之影響研究

Effects of an Optimism Training Program on the Optimistic Thinking of 5th Grade Students

吳相儀(Hsiang-Yi Wu) ； 陳學志(Hsueh-Chih Chen) ； 邱發忠(Fa-Chung Chiu) ； 徐芝君(Chih-Chun Hsu) ； 許禕芳(Yi-Fang Hsu)

《師大學報：教育類》 53卷2期 (2008/08) Pp. 193-221

https://doi.org/10.29882/JTNUE.200808.0008

摘要

本研究是以正向心理學預防角度，深入探討樂觀的定義及理論，並設計一套適合國小高年級學童之樂觀訓練課程，探討課程對學生樂觀與悲觀信念的立即及追蹤效果。以新竹市某國小五年級學生為研究對象，兩班為實驗組共62人，兩班為控制組共58人，實驗組進行為期六週，每週二節課（80分鐘）的實驗課程處理，控制組則未接受任何實驗課程處理。評量工具為「兒童樂觀-悲觀雙因子量表」，同時並分析「單元回饋表」、「課程總回饋表」做為輔佐資料。結果發現：一、課程如預期能立即並持續提升學生的樂觀信念，但對於悲觀信念未有立即及持續減少的效果。二、課程教學符合學生學習需求。研究者歸納研究結果提出未來在教育、輔導及研究上的建議。

關鍵字

悲觀 ； 樂觀 ； 樂觀訓練課程

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to design an optimism training program for 5th grade students and to investigate its immediate and long-term effects on students' optimistic and pessimistic thinking. There were a total of 120 students from an elementary school in Hsin-Chu who participated in this study, of whom 62 were assigned to the experimental group and 58 to the control group. Students in the experimental group went through the 8-hour optimism training program for 6 weeks, 80 minutes per week, while those in the control group didn't experience any experimental training. The results indicated that this 6-week optimism training program elevated students' optimism immediately and continuously, but had no effect on their pessimism. According to the ”feedback questionnaires” from which we derived our qualitative data, students in the experimental group took a positive attitude toward the training. They not only were satisfied with every unit of the course but also enjoyed the whole course. They considered it helpful to them and believed that it had really changed them, cognitively and affectively.

並列關鍵字

pessimism ； optimism ； Optimism Training Program

參考文獻

吳淑英(2003)。生命教育方案對國小資優學童生命意義感影響之研究。國立臺灣師範大學特殊教育學系。

常雅珍、毛國楠(2006)。以正向心理學建構情意教育之行動研究。師大學報。51(2)，121-146。

吳淑英(2003)。生命教育方案對國小資優學童生命意義感影響之研究。國立臺灣師範大學特殊教育學系。

Bandura, A.,V. Hamilton, GH Bower,NH Frijda (Eds.)(1988).Cognitive perspectives on emotion and motivation.Dordrecht, Netherlands:Kluer Academic.

Boland, A.,Cappeliez, D.(1997).Optimism and neuroticism as predictors of coping and adaptation in older woman.Personality and Individual Differences.22,909-919.