貞觀之治與唐太宗對吏治的掌控

Zhenguan's Enlightened Administration and Emperor Taitsung's Control of Civil Governing

曾賢熙(Hsien-Hsi Tseng)

《研究與動態》 12期 (2005/06) Pp. 39-59

摘要

貞觀之治，千古傳頌，後世推為治世之典範。其致治之由，係太宗君臣認同並秉持「濟世安民」之最高指導方針，共同努力的結果。若以時和年豐、百姓安樂、四夷來朝的條件來檢視貞觀之治，可稱治世者約十年。貞觀初年，新承大亂之後，民生凋敝、天災頻仍、突厥窺邊。即便是貞觀四年李靖平東突厥，四夷酋長上「天可汗」尊號，唐太宗亦不敢封禪告成功。天下至廣，官僚眾多。官箴良窳，關係國家政權的存續，太宗對官吏之選擇、考績、監控，不遺餘力，但理想與實際仍有落差，這是本文重點所在。

關鍵字

貞觀之治 ； 貞觀政要 ； 魏徵 ； 唐太宗

並列摘要

Zhenguan's peace and prosperity has been taken as a model of civil governing through the ages. This is due to the concerted efforts of Emperor Taitsung and his subjects and their principle of 'benefiting the world and stabilizing people's lives.' Zhenguan was a peaceful and fruitful period, in which foreign states paid respect to the sovereign. From this perspective it can be said that Zhenguan's enlightened administration lasted for about ten years. The Zhenguan years was preceded by turbulent times, when people had little means of livelihood, natural disasters occurred frequently, and Tujue attempted to invade. Even in the fourth year of Zhenguan, when Lijing conquered East Tujue and chiefs of the neighboring tribes presented the honorific title 'Tiankehan' to Emperor Taitsung, he did not dare to worship Heaven for the unity and the empire's peace and prosperity. By that time, the territory was wide, governed by a large number of officials. The civil service ethics was the foundation of state power of the empire. Emperor Taitsung made every effort to select, review and control officials. However, there was still a gap between his ideal and the reality, which is the focus of the present article.

並列關鍵字

Zhenguan's Enlightened Administration ； Zhenguan's Political Schemas ； Weizheng ； Emperor Taitsung of the Tang Dynasty