Antiproliferative Effects of Lycopene and β-Cryptoxanthin on Human Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells

茄紅素及乙型葉黃素對人類非小型肺癌細胞之抗增生作用

吳茲端(Tsu-Tuan Wu) ； 王國珍(Kuo-Chen Wang) ； 卓貴美(Guey-Mei Jow)

《輔仁醫學期刊》 8卷2期 (2010/06) Pp. 67-75

摘要

背景：茄紅素及乙型葉黃素廣泛存在於水果及蔬菜（如蕃茄）中，且具有降低慢性疾病及癌症危險之作用。此研究想要探討茄紅素及乙型葉黃素對人類非小型肺癌細胞之抗癌作用。方法：以MTT方法分析茄紅素及乙型葉黃素影響人類非小型肺癌細胞(A549)生長作用，細胞凋亡以TUNEL染色分析之。同時以PI染色分析細胞週期的變化，並以ELISA方法測定caspas-3，以Western blot分析cyclin D1之表現。結果：茄紅素及乙型葉黃素以濃度依賴方式抑制人類非小型肺癌細胞(A549)生長，但對正常上皮細胞(NL-20)並無抑制作用。茄紅素及乙型葉黃素，以TUNEL染色分析顯示茄紅素及乙型葉黃素可以引起細胞凋亡作用，並且經由引起sub-G1期增多及細胞週期停滯所產生，此外，也與caspase-3活化及cyclin D1表現減少有關。結論：此研究結果顯示茄紅素及乙型葉黃素可經細胞凋亡作用而引起人類非小型肺癌細胞(A549)抑制增生的作用，此外，茄紅素及乙型葉黃素抑制細胞週期而產生抗癌作用。

關鍵字

茄紅素 ； 乙型葉黃素 ； 細胞凋亡 ； cyclin D1

並列摘要

Background and purpose: Lycopene (a non-provitaminic carotenoid) and β-cryptoxanthin (a provitaminic carotenoid) present in many fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes and their processed products, are associated with decreased risks of chronic diseases including cancer. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells. Methods: The effects of lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin on the growth of A549 cells were studied using a 3-(4,5)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was detected through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase d-UTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The effects of lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin on the cell cycle of A549 cells were studied by a propidium iodide (PI) method. The activity of caspase-3 expression was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of cyclin D1 was detected by Western blotting. Results: Our data revealed that lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin inhibited cell growth in dose-dependent manners, but did not affect normal epithelial (NL-20) cells. By TUNEL staining, it was concluded that lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin induced cell death by apoptosis. The induction of A549 cell death by apoptosis was through an increase in the sub-G1 proportion, arresting cell cycle progression, and activating the caspase-3 pathway. Moreover, cell cycle arrest was related to the decreased expression of cyclin D1. Conclusions: This study suggests that lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin are able to inhibit proliferation by induction of hypoploid cells and cell apoptosis. Moreover, the anticancer effects of lycopene and β-cryptoxanthin were related to arrest of cell cycle progression in human A549 lung cancer cells.

並列關鍵字

lycopene ； β-cryptoxanthin ； apoptosis ； cyclin D1