蒙古國烏蘭巴托市與科布多省義診民眾健康狀況分析

The Health Situation of the People Attending Free Clinic Services in Ulaanbaatar and Hovd Aimag, Mongolia

李俊秀(Jiun-Shiou Lee) ； 徐會棋(Hui-Chi Hsu) ； 余文瑞(Ernest W. R. Yu) ； 璩大成(Da-Chen Chu) ； 何小鳳(Xiao-Feng Ho)

《北市醫學雜誌》 6卷5期 (2009/10) Pp. 354-361

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.2009.6.5.03

摘要

目的：民國97年臺北國際醫療團至蒙古國進行義診、本研究針對義診民眾健康狀況及所填寫問卷，進行統計分析。方法：藉由義診民眾自填問卷及醫師理學檢查及診療記錄，研究分析義診民眾之疾病、血壓、服藥遵醫囑性及身體質量指數等。結果：針對823份完整病歷進行統計分析，民眾主訴以器官疼痛為主；15歲以上體重過重與肥胖之盛行率超過五成；義診民眾自知高血壓但無規則服藥者，兩城市呈顯著差異；具抽菸史民眾在肺結核七分篩檢法總分偏高。15歲以下以急性支氣管炎、急性咽喉炎、頭痛診斷最多；15歲以上，以關節炎、高血壓及頭痛最多。結論：蒙古義診民眾體重過重與肥胖盛行率偏高，高血壓藥物規則服用率偏低，未來醫療服務可加強衛教與用藥。

關鍵字

蒙古 ； 常見義診疾病 ； 高血壓 ； 肺結核 ； 七分篩檢

並列摘要

Objective: Taipei International Medical Assistance Team (IMAT) went to Mongolia from September 8th to 19th in 2008. Taipei IMAT provided five days of medical services for Ulaanbaatar and Hovd Aimag and held symposiums on the topic of health promotion and viral hepatitis treatment with the Health Department of Ulaanbaatar. A study of overweightness, obesity and hypertension prevalence among patients received during the current medical services was conducted. an investigation of the anti-hypertensive treatment compliance rate was also conducted. Methods: In total, 823 Mongolian citizens were recruited during the five days of medical services provided at Ulaanbaatar and Hovd Aimag. The physicians’ diagnoses were defined in accordance with the ninth revision of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-9) for each case. The overweightness and obesity were defined according to the definition of World Health Organization (overweight: BMI ＞25 Kg/m^2, obesity: BMI ＞30 Kg/m^2). The gender differences of the prevalence of overweightness, obesity and underweightness were calculated. The prevalence of hypertension (history of hypertension) or suspected hypertension (without history of hypertension but a systolic blood pressure higher than l4OmmHg or diastolic blood pressure higher than 90mmHg during the visit) were also estimated. Results: In total, 233 males (28.31%) and 590 females (71.69%) were included in this study. The prevalence of underweightness, overweightness and obesity were 5.08%, 23.16% and 14.69% among males and 1.14%, 34.67% and 21.71% among females, respectively, for patients aged equal to or more than 15 years. The prevalence of hypertension and suspected hypertension among males ＞15 years old were 41.24% and 13.56%, respectively; for females ＞15 years old, the similar prevalences were 52.38% and 7.24%, respectively. The rate of regular medical control of hypertension of males and females who had a history of hypertension were 34.91% and 35.62%, respectively, for patients aged ＞15 years. The three most common diseases diagnosed were osteoarthritis, hypertension and headache among patients aged ＞15 years and acute bronchitis, acute pharyngitits and noninfectious gastroenteritis and colitis for patients aged ＜15 years. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweightness, obesity and hypertension among our study population was higher than for the population of Taiwan. In addition, there was a higher rate of poor compliance for anti-hypertensive treatment noted. The cause may be either poor accessibility to medical services or a relatively lack of medical and health education or both. Health promotion activities, such as establishing healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community activity, developing personal skills and reorienting the health services, are very ways of improving the health of Mongolian citizens. In the future, Taipei IMAT will continue to provide medical services for Ulaanbaatar and Hovd Aimag citizens.

並列關鍵字

Mongolia ； tuberculosis ； common disease ； hypertension ； sore throat ； anti-reflux therapy ； glucocorticosteroid nasal spray ； antihistamine