透過您的圖書館登入
IP:18.117.183.172
  • 期刊
  • OpenAccess

馬來西亞與中國建交時的利益考量

Interests Consideration of Malaysia when Establishing Ties with the PRC

摘要


馬來西亞於1957年從英殖民母國獨立以來都把中國視為仇寇,主要原因是中國的海外支部馬來亞共產黨在馬來亞/馬來西亞意圖顛覆固有國家體制。馬中後來於1974年建交時,馬共在馬來西亞的作亂未減,中國也未在建交公報上承諾將約束馬共,不過馬來西亞執政黨卻在建交後的三個月內舉行的全國選舉,取得對中國仍有祖國情結的馬來西亞華人選民廣泛支持,重奪上屆丟失的國會三分之二多數。表面上,馬中建交並未給馬來西亞帶來實質國家利益,卻因為執政黨投華人選民所好,成功鞏固在國家内的政權利益。本文採用多元啟發論分析馬來西亞首相等政治精英與中國建交上的決策過程,檢驗馬來西亞政黨有否為了滿足政權利益,犧牲國家利益。

並列摘要


Malaya/Malaysia took a hostile stance toward the PRC since the independence of Malaya in 1957. It was due to the Malayan Communist Party, a branch of the Chinese Communist Party, had attempted to topple the democratically elected government for decades. Even when Malaysia established official ties with the PRC in 1974, the armed rebellion of the Malayan Communist Party never subsided. On the other hand, the PRC as well did not agree with Malaysia to restrain the Malayan Communist Party in the joint communique. However, the ruling party of Malaysia won a landslide victory and regained the two-third majority in the parliament in the general election that hold less than 3 months after the normalization. The party successfully gained mass support from the Chinese community who perceived China as their motherland. Superficially, the formalization of the Malaysia-PRC official ties did not benefit Malaysia's national interest but the ruling party's regime interest. This article adopts the Poliheurtistic theory to analyze the decision-making process of the Malaysia ruling party in establishing official ties with the PRC and to examine if the party had sacrificed the national interest to fulfil its regime interest.

參考文獻


《南洋商報》。1957a。〈中國宣佈承認馬來亞聯合邦毛澤東周思來分致賀電〉。8 月31 日,5 版。
《南洋商報》。1957b。〈馬來亞獨立大典不邀請共產國家參加東姑昨函巫統分部席〉。3 月24 日,9 版。
《南洋商報》。1967。〈東姑表示大馬可能先在南國設立大使館辦事處待至適當時候然後派遺大使上任馬來西亞與南斯拉夫雙方已同意正式建立邦交無須再舉行談判將儘速互派大使〉。5 月6 日,1 版。
《南洋商報》。1969a。〈聯盟重掌政權優勢大為削弱東姑將改組內閣丹州仍為泛回天下檳州落入民政手中雪州形成平分秋色霹州聯盟未及半數行動黨取得國會13 席州議會31 席〉。5 月12 日,1 版。
《南洋商報》。1969b。〈大馬元首緊急宣告進入嚴重緊急狀態政府有權將違犯戒嚴令者將其驅逐出境或判處死刑〉。5 月15 日,1 版。

延伸閱讀