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以分子輔助選種導入hd1、Hd6和ehd1抽穗期基因至水稻越光品種

Introgression of Three Heading Date Genes, hd1, Hd6, and ehd1, to Oryza sativa L. japonica Cv. Koshihikari by Marker-assisted Selection

摘要


日本稉稻越光品種之食味品質佳,引進至臺灣種植時,因其光週期敏感而提早抽穗,造成產量與品質的下降,然稉稻臺農67號對光週期不敏感,故利用分子輔助育種回交之方式將臺農67號之抽穗期基因導入越光,期能調整越光之抽穗期。分析越光與臺農67號的六個抽穗期基因,Hd1、Hd6與Ehd1序列與功能上顯示差異,分別設計成indel、CAPs與dCAPs形式的功能性分子標幟作為前景篩選。87個多型性SSR和indel分子標幟,其平均間距為17.3cM,則作為背景篩選。每回交世代先篩選Hd1hd1/Hd6hd6/Ehd1ehd1植株,再進行數量不等的多型性分子標幟篩選背景。由283株BC1F1、64株BC2F1、和147株BC3F1分別選拔出兩株、五株和三株當做父本進行回交越光,最後從186株BC4F1挑選出#286-14-A23-5、#286-85-A4-121與#286-85-A27-55,分別帶有94.05、97.49與97.08%之越光基因體。背景篩選效率在各世代略有不同,於BC1F1和BC4F1高於但在BC2F1和BC3F1則低於回交理論估算效率,且連鎖拖曳降低分子輔助育種之效率。選拔之三株BC4F1進行自交,將於2010年一期作栽種BC4F2,並調查光週期敏感與否和抽穗日數、及其他農藝性狀,選出食味品質、米粒外觀與產量佳之品系,育成具有不同抽穗期的越光近似同源系,且可大面積推廣於一、二期作栽種。

並列摘要


The japonica rice cultivar Koshihiari, well-known as an elite Japanese cultivar of good eating quality, is photoperiod sensitive which leads to early heading, and consequently poor quality and low yield while grown in Taiwan. We implemented marker-assisted recurrent selection to adjust Koshihikari heading date by introgressing heading date genes of japonica cultivar Tainung 67, a photoperiod insensitive germplasm. Sequence analysis of the six published heading date genes revealed that Koshihikari and Tainung 67 deviated in sequences and function of Hd1, Hd6, and Ehd1, which were converted into indel, CAPs, and dCAPs functional markers for foreground selection in each backcross generation. Various polymorphic markers with a total of 87 polymorphic markers with an average of 17.3 cM in final were employed for background selection. Two, five, and three individuals were selected from 283 BC1F1, 64 BC2F1, and 147 BC3F1, respectively, as male parents and were backcrossed with Koshihikari. Three individuals, #286-14-A23-5, #286-85-A4-121, and #286-85-A27- 55, selected from 186 BC4F1 possess 94.05, 97.49, and 97.08% of Koshikiari genome, respectively. The efficiencies of background selections varied in the four backcross generations, which were higher in BC1F1 and BC4F1 but lower in BC2F1 and BC3F1 than expectation; in addition, linkage drag reduced the selection efficiency. The selected three plants of BC4F1 were self-pollinated, and the yielded BC4F2 are to be grown in the first crop season of 2010 and be evaluated for photoperiod sensitivity, heading date, and other agronomic traits. The near-isogenic lines of Koshihari with the characteristics of different heading dates and yield potential and traits of good eating quality and grain appearance will be promoted to cultivate in different areas at both first and second cropping seasons in Taiwan in the future.

被引用紀錄


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顏維萱(2015)。水稻抽穗期基因在臺灣自然日照環境下之效應〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU.2015.01431
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