臺灣新劇運動的先聲：一九二○年代初期東京臺灣青年會的留學生演劇

臺灣新劇以留日臺灣學生的表演活動為起始，其中以張深切等人在東京的演出《盜瓜賊》、《金色夜叉》等劇最為知名，但其演出狀況及同時期的其他表演仍有許多不明之處。本文以張深切的東京演出為引，藉此探究1920年代初期留日臺灣學生的戲劇活動全貌。首先考證張深切在東京演出的年份及劇目，其次梳理留日臺灣學生在東京及臺灣島內的演出活動，最後綜觀這些表演活動，探討留日臺灣學生演劇運動的形成背景及對臺灣島內的影響。本文指出留日臺灣學生的表演，是東京臺灣青年會依循臺灣文化協會文化劇方針所進行的新劇藝術推廣運動。留日臺灣學生因身處東京，而較早地在1922年展開戲劇嘗試，其時間點早於臺灣第一個新劇社團彰化鼎新社；其後，他們透過社會文化運動團體東京磺溪會、臺北青年會，將戲劇養分傳播回臺灣，並且進一步與受中國影響成立的鼎新社合作，使來自中國、日本的戲劇資源滙流，共同開創1920年代臺灣新劇運動。

關鍵字

張深切；盜瓜賊；金色夜叉；臺灣新劇運動； 1920年代初期；東京臺灣青年會

並列摘要

Taiwan's New Drama started with overseas students' theatre activities in Japan. Among the plays staged in Tokyo, The Melon Thief and The Golden Demon (Konjiki Yaksha) performed by Shen Chie Chang and his fellows were most well-known, albeit their details and other contemporary student performances were still obscure. This paper aims to portray the panorama of Taiwan's overseas students' theatre activities in Japan in the early 1920s with reference to Chang's theatre activity, including the repertories and their years confirmed in this investigation. Then, after sorting these students' dramatic activities both in Japan and Taiwan, this paper explores the background of their emergence in Japan and their influence upon Taiwan. This paper also points out that the overseas students' theatre activities were organized by Tokyo Taiwan Youth Association that followed the guideline of Taiwan Cultural Association to prompt New Drama. Due to their being in Tokyo, these overseas students could have initial contact with drama in 1922, earlier than the establishment of Ding Shin Society, the first drama group enlightened by China's modern drama in Changhua, Taiwan. Later on they returned the nutrition to Taiwan via organizations like Tokyo Huang Shi Association and Taipei Youth Association, and further cooperated with Ding Shin Society so as to form the confluence of dramatic sources from both China and Japan that initiated Taiwan's New Drama movement of 1920s.