陸軍橄欖球員運動傷害之評估：修正式德菲法與模糊層級分析法的應用

The evaluation of army rugby players' sports injuries: Application of the modified Delphi method and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process

張桂琥(Kuei-Hu Chang) ； 林耕宇(Keng-Yu Lin) ； 林傳智(Chuan-Chih Lin) ； 林育臣(Yu-Chen Lin)

《臺灣運動心理學報》 19卷1期 (2019/05) Pp. 41-57

https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT.201905_19(1).0003

摘要

橄欖球賽的激烈攻防、特殊運動特性，與陸軍勇猛慓悍之軍風結合推崇的黃埔精神（犧牲、團結、負責）不謀而合，因此被指定為陸軍之軍種球。橄欖球比賽過程中，激烈衝撞常肇生球員嚴重運動傷害，對球隊造成相當之戰損。目的：本研究利用修正式德菲法與模糊層級分析法探索哪些因素會導致陸軍球員產生運動傷害。方法：首先採用修正式德菲法，分析並修正肇生球員運動傷害的相關因素，進而建構評估模式，共歸納出三項評估準則：重量訓練、內在環境、與外在環境，以及10項評估要素。接著，透過模糊層級分析法問卷調查，以陸軍橄欖球員為對象，計算各項評估準則及要素之相對權重與優先順序，瞭解肇生球員運動傷害之關鍵因素。結果：各項評估準則最為重要的關鍵因素分別是，重量訓練準則是訓練時間不足；外在環境準則是場地不良；內在環境準則是專注力不足。結論：應更加重視提升球員專注力、調配訓練方針與場地檢整，並有效運用本研究所發展之評估模式，擴大研究範圍與互相驗證，作為未來規劃訓練之參考指標。

關鍵字

橄欖球 ； 運動傷害 ； 德菲法 ； 模糊理論

並列摘要

Rugby has been one of the major sports of Taiwan Army because the fiercely offensive and defensive characteristics correspond to the spirits of Whampoa Military Academy (sacrifice, unity, and responsibility). However, it is a collision sport, traumatic injuries do occur in rugby. Purpose: This study was to explore key factors which may result in sports injuries in rugby. Method: The modified Delphi method was firstly used to analyze and modify the factors related to sports injuries. Then, the evaluation model was developed along with three criteria including ten factors. Next, the Army's rugby players were invited to complete the questionnaire developed from the first step using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. The relative weight ratios and priorities of the evaluation criterion were calculated to further explore the critical factors of sports injuries. Results: In the ＂weight training＂ criterion, the most important issue was ＂insufficient training＂; in the ＂external environment＂ criterion, ＂improper equipment and field playing conditions＂ was the most influential key factor; in the ＂internal condition＂ criterion, ＂inappropriate attention and concentration during the game＂ was the worst one. Conclusion: The findings suggests that there should be more emphasis on improving athletes' concentration, developing training strategies and arranging better field conditions for practice. The evaluation model of sport injury proposed in the study needs to be guaranteed by a boarder sample, which can be further applied to the practice of sport training.

並列關鍵字

rugby ； sports injury ； Delphi method ； fuzzy theory

參考文獻

王顯智 (2003)。大學生運動傷害之分佈與再度傷害之危險因子。體育學報，35，15-24。

何敏華、林耀豐 (2013)。學校體育活動風險管理之探討。屏東教大體育，16，227-237。

李立良、陳優華、莊志仁 (2010)。淺談如何提高橄欖球選手的耐力水準。運動傳播學刊，3，61-69。

林昌國 (2013)。橄欖球運動傷害的預防策略。運動知識學報，10，106-114。

林昌國、陳寶億 (2009)。橄欖球規則對於安全性規範之探討。中華體育季刊，23(3)，110-116。