長公路隧道火災緊急應變管理策略探討

Emergency Management Strategies for Long Road Tunnel Fires

簡賢文(S. W. Chien) ； 施邦築(B. J. Shih) ； 張歆儀(S. Y. Chang) ； 柯孝勳(S. S. Ke)

《危機管理學刊》 4卷2期 (2007/09) Pp. 73-84

https://doi.org/10.6459/JCM.200709_4(2).0008

摘要

公路隧道屬半封閉性環境，一旦隧道內發生嚴重災害，無論內部人員避難或外部進入搶救均十分困難。除在隧道設計之初，應審慎規劃各項防災設計外，在安全管理上更應考量各種可能發生之災害與應變計畫。本文回顧近年國外重大隧道火災事故，並進一步檢視國道雪山隧道發生火災時，不同車輛事故可能引發之火勢規模、用路人避難行爲特性等。藉由對長公路隧道事故特性與用路人可避難時間分析，提出緊急應變管理策略，以提昇用路人於公路隧道之行車安全性。

關鍵字

長公路隧道 ； 隧道火災 ； 避難行爲 ； 災害應變

並列摘要

Road tunnel is a limited-access space, as the result, rescue works would require more techniques because of its difficulty, if a serious accident occurs in it. This article focuses on the tunnel fire and discusses the situation and the time limit of evacuation, moreover, the impact of fire that could happen in Snow Mountain Tunnel. People should have more basic understanding about the correct emergency behavior they might face when driving through a long tunnel, and enhance self-rescue ability by education and dissemination to decrease losses in life.

並列關鍵字

Long Road Tunnel ； Tunnel Fire ； Evacuation ； Emergency Response

參考文獻

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Beard, A.,Carvel, R.(2005).The handbook of tunnel fire safety.Thomas Telford.

Ingason, H.(1994).Heat Release Rate Measurements in Tunnel Fires.Proceedings of the International Conference on Fires in Tunnels.(Proceedings of the International Conference on Fires in Tunnels).

Ingason, H.,Lonnermark, A.(2003).Large-scale Fire Test in The Runehamar tunnel-Heat Release Rate.Proceedings of the International Symposium on Catastrophic Tunnel Fire.(Proceedings of the International Symposium on Catastrophic Tunnel Fire).

Ir. Evert Worm(2003).Human behavior influencing tunnel safety.Dutch ministry of transport public works and water management.