天然災害情境下救援最快路徑之最適化分析

The Optimal Analysis of the Fastest Route in Natural Disaster Scenario

王貴民(K. M. Wang) ； 韓慧林(H. L. Han) ； 張佑瑋(Y. W. Zhang) ； 曾秉祥(B. X. Zeng) ； 王韋程(W. C. Wang) ； 葉德芳(D. F. Ye)

《危機管理學刊》 10卷1期 (2013/03) Pp. 89-98

https://doi.org/10.6459/JCM.201303_10(1).0010

摘要

台灣地區因地理位置處於複合式災害高危險之太平洋火環帶，潛在釀災風險與日本同居全球前十。重大自然災害發生情況下，具有無法預測及搶救刻不容緩之特性，如何在救難黃金七十二小時內下達穩當的決策指令，以最短時間搶修道路、快速通行並將救援資源投送災區是救災行動中極為重要之議題。本研究目標係針對地震後動態可用路徑建立震後救災路徑最適化模型，在救災時能根據即時交通資訊計算出最快路徑的救援路徑，以利救援能在最短時間內，運送需求的救難、醫療人力或物資，進入災區執行救援。使用的分析方法是依照救援行動和路徑損壞與可通行度融合Dijkstra演算法基本概念，將之程式化為模型，可輔助決策者即時進行最適路徑之分析與選擇。

關鍵字

損壞 ； Dijkstra ； 地震 ； 模型 ； 最快路徑

並列摘要

Taiwan is on the pacific ring of fire with high probability of compound-disasters that is one of the top ten of high natural disasters threatened areas in the world. It's very difficult to predict ”when” the earthquake will occur, but somehow having the fastest way to get the rescue resources to targeted disaster-striking areas is the key for saving more lives and properties in order to minimize the casualty within the golden 72 hours' time restriction. This study aims at finding the fastest routes after impact of major earthquake with a model developed by us, called the model of optimal routes for rescue after earthquake, that concerns the dynamic initial status of roads conditions to shape the Dijkstra algorithm for the purpose of optimizing the routes under instant image/data of the usable transportation network. The output of this model may assist the decision-maker to select the fastest route for getting the rescue team out to the targeted urgent areas for reducing the potential casualties caused by earthquake.

並列關鍵字

Damage ； Dijkstra ； Earthquake ； Model ； Fastest route

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