貯藏溫度與濕度對Lucky Girl春石斛成熟株葉片與開花品質之影響

Effects of Storage Temperature and Relative Humidity on Leaf and Flower Quality in Dendrobium Lucky Girl

黃肇家(Chao-Chia Huang) ； 黃慧穗(Huey-Suey Huang) ； 蔡金玉(Chin-Yu Tsai) ； 姚秋嫻(Chiu-Hsien Yiau) ； 丁一(Ie Ting)

《臺灣園藝》 58卷4期 (2012/12) Pp. 305-314

https://doi.org/10.6964/JTSHS.201212.0305

摘要

本研究將春石斛Dendrobium Lucky Girl成熟株置於不同溫度與濕度下，黑暗貯藏28日以模擬海運來探討海運可能之適當溫度與濕度。結果經6、12與18℃貯藏後，在一般溫室（日夜溫28/20℃）栽培到開花時，有葉率各為54%、49%與23%；而未貯藏者為70%。貯藏濕度試驗於6與12℃貯藏下，將相對濕度控制於71%、85%及99%RH，在6℃貯藏下，3個濕度處理之葉片品質都維持良好，到開花時有葉率皆在82%以上。以12℃貯藏則深受濕度所影響，在85%RH下，有葉率為87%，高濕（99%RH）或低濕（71%RH）則各為50%與36%。開花品質於6與12℃貯藏者，有花節數比例為52%-55%，18℃貯藏者較低，為40%-43%，未貯藏者為59%-67%。每節位之花朵數為2.1-2.8朵；花序長度除了以18℃貯藏者小於10 cm，其他以6與12℃貯藏者都大於12 cm。植株經過貯藏後，盆花壽命約為5週，未貯藏者約為6週。12℃貯藏會縮短催花日數，其始花日數為71-75日，未貯藏者為80-82日。綜合這些結果，顯示Lucky Girl春石斛若要海運歐美，維持葉片品質較為困難，以6與12℃貯運較適合，但以12℃貯運則需將相對濕度維持於85%左右。

關鍵字

模擬運輸 ； 有葉率 ； 開花率 ； 始花日數 ； 盆花壽命

並列摘要

Mature plants of a nobile dendrobium, Dendrobium Lucky Girl were stored at 6, 12 and 18℃ for 28 days as a simulation of marine shipment and then the plants were cultivated in a greenhouse at day/night temperature of 28/20℃. When the plants began to flower the percentages of nodes with leaf were 54%, 49% and 23% for the plants stored at 6, 12 and 18℃, respectively, as compared with 70% in the control without storage. Another group of plants were kept at 71%, 85%, and 99% RH when stored at 6 and 12℃. More than 82% of leaves remained intact on the three humidity treatments when stored at 6℃. High leaf retention occurred in plants at 85% RH when stored at 12℃. There were 52% to 55% of nodes that produced flowers in plants stored at 6 and 12℃, as compared with 40% to 43% when stored at 18℃, and 59% to 67% in the control. There were 2.1 to 2.8 florets in each node of stem. The floret diameter was 4.5 to 4.9 cm. Plants stored at 6 and 12℃ produced 12 cm or longer inflorescences, while those stored at 18℃ had 10 cm or shorter inflorescences. The longevity of the flower was 5 weeks approximately, as compared to 6 weeks in control. Plants stored at 12℃ flowered on days 71-75 after cultivation in the greenhouse while the unstored plants took 80 to 82 days to flower. Results show that the suitable storage conditions were 6℃ or 12℃ with the relative humidity controlled at 85% for exporting Dendrobium Lucky Girl plants by marine shipment.

並列關鍵字

simulated transportation ； percentage of node with leaf ； percentage of node with flower ； days to anthesis ； potted flower longevity