談糖尿病衛教演進與未來發展

The Evolution and Further Development of Patient Education for People with Diabetes

吳淑芳(Shu-Fang Wu) ； 蔡秀鸞(Shiow-Luan Tsay)

《源遠護理》 3卷2期 (2009/11) Pp. 5-14

https://doi.org/10.6530/YYN.2009.3(2).01

摘要

糖尿病在國內之高盛行率和死亡率不僅威脅個案的生命，而且造成家庭及社會成本負擔。糖尿病從發病到臨床上被診斷出來的時間約差距4-7年，而在這段時間內的高血糖狀態已經對身體造成極大的傷害，若沒有及早發現與治療，將引起全身不可逆的嚴重併發症，最新糖尿病診斷、監測與治療將有助於早期診斷早期治療。糖尿病衛教可以提升糖尿病患之知識、態度、行為及伴隨而來的代謝改善，但知易行難，往往衛教方式在增進認知方面有顯著差異，在行為改變上卻非常有限，探究糖尿病衛教的執行困難原因將有助於醫護專業人員突破瓶頸。最後文中將就糖尿病專業照護人員、病人和政策三面向提出糖尿病衛教建議，期許提升糖尿病更好的健康照護成效。

關鍵字

糖尿病 ； 衛教 ； 自我管理

並列摘要

The high prevalence and high mortality rate of diabetes not only threaten the life of every individual patient but incur high cost to their families and the society. The time lag between the development of diabetes in a patient and the time when the patient is diagnosed is approximately 4-7 years, within which period the hyperglycemia has already caused great damage to the patient's health. Therefore diabetes can result in irreversible serious complications if not diagnosed and treated as early as possible. Some latest advances in the diagnosing, monitoring, and treatment of diabetes will be helpful to the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Patient education on diabetes can lead diabetes patients to better awareness, acknowledgement, and behaviors, thus improving their glucose metabolism. However, it is easier to say than to accomplish. Patient education presents significant difference in terms of acknowledgement improvement and limited results in respect of behavior change. Therefore, to find out the difficulties in exercising diabetes, patient education would be helpful for healthcare professionals to break the bottleneck. In the end of the paper, suggestions are proposed for the reform of diabetes patient education from the perspectives of healthcare professionals, patients, and policies. It is our hope that these suggestions may improve the healthcare results of diabetes.

並列關鍵字

diabetes ； patient education ； self-management