國際籃球裁判對犯規判決之研究

以往裁判講習課程，多以文字資料、國際籃球規則、國際籃球裁判法爲教材，少數是以單場比賽錄影爲教材講解，最後是由校隊球員實施全場比賽，裁判分組執法，現場吹判測驗，然此法往往會因球員參與情境真實性差異明顯不同，裁判模擬吹判結果，較無法真正檢測裁判能力，若可以收集比賽影片，賽後透過電腦剪接技術，將各種身體接觸情境透過影片呈現、分析講解、測驗，建立裁判、球員、教練、觀眾身體接觸看法一致性。本研究請五位具有國際裁判證照裁判指導填答，統計判決結果，研究發現進攻球員與防守球員之身體接觸，若此接觸距離約－或半個手臂長時，發生時間極短，裁判判決是無時間思索，往往判決有差異，於相關會議時將此身體接觸之情境作爲探討、測驗題目。

關鍵字

籃球裁判；犯規

並列摘要

The magistrate workshop courses included instruction on basketball statistics and data, the international basketball rules, and the international law of basketball referees. Some single games on video were used in a few teaching courses as well. Further instruction included a mock game with the school basketball team players and the student judges acting as a referee enforcement division. However, in real life, player's skills and performance may vary along with each referee's personal/professional criteria for judging. Collecting the videos of the games and analysis all kinds of physical contact situation that have shown on the videos with the computer editing technology can establish the concerted judgments from the referee, players, coaches, and audiences. This study has invited five referees with the international licenses to guide the respondents and gather the statistics judgments. The study shows that the result can be very different when the physical contact distance between the offensive player and defensive player is only one or half arm in length because the referee has to make the judgments in short time. The physical contact of the situation is used as a test subject in the relevant meetings.