Reflection on using Integrated Curriculum for Early Childhood Education

統整課程中的主題教學對幼兒教育的啟示

吳樎椒(Su-Chiao Wu) ； 張宇樑(Yu-Liang Chang)

《Asian Journal of Management and Humanity Sciences》 1卷1期 (2006/04) Pp. 131-146

https://doi.org/10.6413/AJMHS.200604.0131

摘要

學習趣味化及生活化，激發學生全方位的潛能，培養學生善用知識，以期達到令學生一輩子都擁有帶著走的能力是在教育部九年一貫課程綱要中所強調的主要理念。「統整課程」這個強調以問題為中心的課程，被台灣理所當然的視為是拯救舊課程與解決分科教學的問題的仙丹。統整課程強調知識的延伸與擴展，內容取材於廣泛且生活化的議題，同時呼應了近代大腦研究的最新發現：知識與知識間愈緊密且相關的連結愈能促進人類的學習。因此如何系統化的安排課程，讓課程更有效益，以幫助學生所獲得更完整、更有意義的知識是當前教學的主要任務。
綜觀台灣的學前教育課程實施統整課程有很長的歷史了，其經驗足以為其他階段的教學參考，如：大單元教學、主題課程、方案教學等便是統整課程的不同模式。在多種統整的模式中又以主題教學最被廣為討論中。本文剖析課程統整的必要性，並透過文獻的探討與歸納，概論主題教學的理論與實務，冀能提供教育工作者理解統整課程與其中之主題教學不只是一種課程設計的方法學；它是種當代教育的哲學觀、正向的教育態度、與教育理論的精華版；它同時能幫助所有的教師探索教學可能性與開發學習無限的潛能。

關鍵字

統整課程 ； 主題教學 ； 幼兒教育

並列摘要

In Taiwan's new curriculum reform, education was emphasized on promoting interesting learning and life skills, motivating students' entire potential, and assisting them to apply the knowledge into their daily lives. The use of an integrated curriculum, focusing on a real-life task, becomes an approach for problem solving of traditional subject-matter curricula. An integrated curriculum emphasizes the depth and extensiveness of knowledge from concrete and real-life problems reflecting to the findings of brain research-the more information and knowledge are connected, the more humans' brains work effectively. Consequently, the main purpose for today's education is to arrange curricula systematically and effectively to assist students to reach a holistic and meaningful learning.
Taiwan's early childhood education has been implementing curriculum integration for a long period of time, such as unit curricula, thematic curricula, and project curricula. The thematic curriculum is the most popular model of curriculum integration currently. The experiences of implementing thematic teaching in early childhood education can be an instructional model for other school levels. This article discusses mainly the significance of curriculum integration. Through summaries and criticisms of the literature, theories and practices of thematic teaching are conceptualized in providing educators better understandings of curriculum integration and thematic teaching. Thematic teaching is not only a methodology for curriculum design or teaching but also the contemporary philosophy of progressive education, the positive teaching attitude, and the conclusion of educational theories. In summary, it is all about the possibility of learning and teaching.

並列關鍵字

integrated curriculum ； thematic teaching ； early childhood education