四至六歲男童立定跳遠成績表現與下肢動作型式之研究

The Study of the lower Extremities Movement Pattern and Performance of Standing Long Jump for Boys Aged 4 to 6

劉純忠(Chun-Chung Liu) ； 鍾祥賜(Hsiang-Szu Chung)

《國立體育學院論叢》 16卷1期 (2005/06) Pp. 341-354

https://doi.org/10.6591/JPES.2005.06.26

摘要

立定跳遠是一種需要全身肢體協調且複雜的動作，是運動能力檢定項目中重要的指標。本研究旨在探討四至六歲男童的立定跳遠成績表現與年齡及下肢動作之差異情形。受試者為幼稚園中班（107.49±3.43公分；19.51±3.58公斤）、大班（113.73±3.92公分；20.43±3.27公斤）及國小一年級（123.45±6.27公分；26.53±5.30公斤）各十五名男性學童，使用數位攝影機進行動作之拍攝，擷取其影片後，再以APAS動作分析系統進行資料處理，計算騰空時間、起跳與著地瞬間髖、膝、踝關節之角度及飛行階段此三關節之角度變化量，最後透過統計軟體作描述性統計、單因子變異數分析及薛費氏法作事後比較(α=.05)。獲得以下結果：一、成績表現隨著年齡的增長而日趨進步，而且與騰空時間呈正相關。二、在起跳瞬間，髖、膝、踝關節的角度無年齡差異，與成績亦無顯著相關；在著地瞬間，六歲組與四歲組在髖、膝關節角度的表現上有顯著差異存在，而且與成績呈現負相關。三、飛行階段的髖、膝、踝關節的角度變化量與成績表現具有正相關，並有年齡差異。四、除了騰空時間屬於成績表現的決定因素之外，膝關節角度變化量是為最重要的預測因子。

關鍵字

立定跳遠 ； 成績表現 ； 關節角度變化量 ； 動作型式

並列摘要

Standing long jump (SLJ) is a movement that requires complex motor coordination of total body segments. It is an important index of the test of sport ability. This study is to research the disparity of standing long jump lower extremities movement pattern and performance at ages of 4 to 6 years old boys. The researching subjects are students in the middle and top classes of kindergarten and the first grade in the elementary school. (the middle: 107.49±3.43cm; 19.51±3.58kg、the top:113.73±3.92cm; 20.43±3.27 kg、the first grade: 123.45±6.27 cm; 26.53±5.30 kg) There were 15 persons in each age. During the experiment, we took video of the researching motions by digital video camera. Then, we digitized the film by Arid Performance Analysis System to calculate the flight time, the hip, knee & ankle joint angle, and their range of motion (ROM). After statistical analyses with one-ANOVA and Scheffe method post hoc procedure were applied, the results were as below: 1. The standing long jump motions and achievement were matured by the growth of the ages. SLJ's performance was positively correlated with the flight time. 2. At the time of taking off, there was no significant difference among hip joint angle, knee joint angle, and ankle joint angle in different ages. There was no significant correlation between angle and performance also. At the time of striking down, there was significant difference between 4 years old & 6 years old group in hip joint angle & knee joint angle. There was negatively correlation between angle and performance. 3. During the flight time, SLJ's performance was positively correlated to hip joint angle, knee joint angle, and ankle joint angle. There was significant difference among them about ages. 4. SLJ's pattern, the flight time and ROM of knee were the predictors of SLJ's performance.

並列關鍵字

standing long jump ； performance ； joint ROM ； movement pattern

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