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老年人自我照顧能力與健康促進生活型態關係之研究~以高雄縣老人公寓爲例

Study of the Relationship between the Elderly's Self Care Agency and Their Health-promoting Lifestyles~Kaohsiung County Senior Apartment as an Example

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摘要


本研究旨在瞭解松鶴樓(高雄縣老人公寓)之老年人自我照顧能力與健康促進生活型態之現況,並探討老人公寓之老年人自我照顧能力、健康促進生活型態與社會人口學變項、健康狀況的關係及其預測因子。研究工具採用「日常生活活動量表-巴氏量表」、「工具性日常生活活動量表」、「健康促進生活型態量表」等量表及個人基本資料。研究對象以九十七年度松鶴樓(高雄縣老人公寓)1-2月間,共133位的60歲以上老年人爲研究母群體,以全面性普查的方式進行收樣,採橫斷式調查法,利用「一對一訪談」方式帶領老年人親自作答,取得有效量表共93份。研究發現:(1)整體「自我照顧能力」屬於良好情形;「健康促進生活型態」六個層面中,以「適當營養」層面得分最高,最低得分爲「運動」,整體屬於良好情形。(2)「不同社會人口學變項」之研究對象,在「自我照顧能力」得分上則無顯著差異:「不同罹病狀況」之研究對象,在「自我照顧能力」得分上有顯著差異,其中罹病數目「0-1種」者之自我照顧能力優於「6-7種」者;而「不同自覺健康狀況」之研究對象,在「自我照顧能力」得分上並無顯著差異。(3)「不同社會人口學變項」之研究對象,在「健康促進生活型態」六個層面得分上部分有顯著差異,其中女性之「社會支持」、「運動」層面優於男性;教育程度爲小學以上者之「自我實現」層面優於不識字;獨居老人公寓者之「運動」層面優於與配偶同住老人公寓者;經濟來源爲退休金、老本者之「壓力處理」層面優於靠子女供養,「不同罹病狀況」之研究對象,在「健康促進生活型態」得分上部分有顯著差異,其中罹病數目「0-1種」者之「運動」層面優於「4-5種」者,而「不同自覺健康狀況」之研究對象,在「健康促進生活型態」得分上部分有顯著差異,其中「中、高度」自覺健康狀況者在「健康促進生活型態」及次量表「適當營養」、「自我實現」、「運動」等層面皆優於「低度」自覺健康狀態者。(4)「自我照顧能力」得分與「健康促進生活型態」總量表與次量表得分,均呈現顯著正相關。(5)自我照顧能力中之工具性日常活動能力、教育程度、性別等變項,共可解釋研究對象「健康促進生活型態」總變異量的56.3%;健康促進生活型態總量表與次量表運動層面、教育程度、性別等變項,共可解釋研究對象「自我照顧能力」總變異量的42.5%。 依據前述研究結果,歸納數項結論和建議,以作爲老人照護機構在提升老年人自我照顧能力與推動健康促進生活型態之參考,並提出未來研究方向之建議。

並列摘要


The main purpose of this study was to explore the self-care agency, health-promoting lifestyles, health status and predictors of self-care agency, health-promoting lifestyles among the elderly in Longevity (Kaohsiung County senior apartments). The adopted instruments were ”Activities of Daily Living Scale”, ”Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale”, ”Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile”, ”Health Status Scale”, and demographic data. The population were the 133 elderly in Longevity (Kaohsiung County senior apartments). A cross-sectional design was applied. The questionnaire was administered one by one. The effective questionnaires were 93. The main findings of the study were as follows: 1. The scores of self-care agency, were categoried as good; As to the Health-Promoting Lifestyles, the highest score was the ”nutrition”, and the lowest score was ”exercise”. 2. There were significant differences in the variables of elderly's gender, educational level, living status, and income. 3. There were significant differences in the variables of elderly's number of disease, and perceived health status. 4. There were significant correlations between self-care agency and health-promoting lifestyle profile. 5. The ”instrumental activities of daily living”, ”gender” and ”educational level” were the significant predictors and could explain 56.3% of the total variance of health-promoting lifestyles. 6. The ”health-promoting lifestyle”, ”educational level”, ”gender” and ”exercise” were the significant predictors and could explain 42.5% of the total variance of self-care agency. The findings of this study could present as references to self-care agency and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile among elderly in senior apartments. This study also proposed some suggestions for further research in this field.

被引用紀錄


鍾佳芳(2013)。中高齡慢性精神病患健康促進生活型態與生活品質的預測因素〔碩士論文,臺北醫學大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6831%2fTMU.2013.00153
蘇宜琳(2012)。有無罹患代謝症候群之老年人對於健康促進生活型態、社會支持與自覺健康狀態之相關性探討〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU.2012.00559
郭卉玹(2010)。研究生健康促進生活型態與生活壓力關係之研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315192305
吳婉菁(2011)。獨居高齡者日常生活資訊尋求與學習特性之探究-臺北市陽明老人公寓個案研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315224516
楊桂芬(2012)。社區老人日常生活活動、生活品質與幸福感相關研究〔碩士論文,中臺科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0099-0905201314435765

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