社區結盟、社區培力與社區行動之個案研究－以台南市北區社區旗艦計畫團隊為例

The Exploration of Community Capacity and Collaboration between Community Organizations: A Case Study in Tainan City

吳明儒(Ming-Ju Wu) ； 林欣蓓(Shin-Bei Lin)

《台灣社區工作與社區研究學刊》 1卷1期 (2011/04) Pp. 45-89

https://doi.org/10.29755/JCWCS.201104.0002

摘要

受到社會、政治及經濟因素的影響，全球福利國家的發展途徑驟變；同時福利多元主義概念的廣泛運用，國家、市場與社區三者之間的關係產生彼此互動且功能調整的現象，特別是在福利服務輸送網絡與社區組織網絡發展進行微妙的結合。自2005年起，內政部配合國家發展計畫（行政院所推動之台灣健康社區六星計畫），並開辦福利社區化旗艦競爭型計畫，鼓勵跨社區共同聯合提案。由於社區組織之間經常因外部資源的競逐，而形成競爭而非合作的關係。學者C. Gilleard and P. Higgs (2005)提出「社區中的社區」(community of communities)的概念說明社區與社區之間也存在一種社會資本(social capital)，這種社會資本橋接社區之間的包容(inclusion)與團結(solidarity)。因此，透過網絡關係建構福利導向的「社區結盟」或「聯合社區」概念，讓發展成熟的社區，帶領潛力社區，提供推動社區方案的經驗，彼此有相互成長機會，產生整合、創新、自主和永續的作用。本文以台南市北區六個內政部社區旗艦計畫之社區爲個案，運用問卷調查及焦點訪談的方式進行社區組織能力之探討，目的在瞭解參與社區旗艦計畫之社區組織在社區能力上改變的程度；並且從連續兩年多來參與社區輔導的經驗與過程中，探討提案社區與協力社區的運作方式與陪伴機制，並分析社區組織與組織之間從衝突、合作及共生之關係轉變。本文發現參與計畫的社區能力在社區網絡能力及社區參與率達到顯著水準，但是永續能力的提升卻是仍待努力。

關鍵字

社區結盟 ； 社區培力 ； 社區行動 ； 社會資本 ； 社區旗艦計畫

並列摘要

Under the process of globalization, Welfare State trend has been changed by the impacts include social, political and economic. The welfare service delivery networks in the community organizations become more important than before. Since 2005, Ministry of Interior (MOI) began to implement community-based welfare service programs. The network has therefore featured the basis for these community organizations to develop their community works.In this paper, six participant communities which located at the North District of Tainan City will be treated as the research target. In terms of usable data the questionnaires surveys and the focus interviews will be used to collect the capacity of community-based organizations. Furthermore, this paper also tried to understand these community organizations how far change after plan implementing. It is a critical point of the program success that community operation mode and accompanying mechanisms in the public and private interaction, as well as conflict, cooperation and symbiotic relationship change between these communities. We find that the capacity of participating and networking in communities has achieved a significant increase degree, but the sustainable capacity is yet to effort.

並列關鍵字

Community Collaboration ； Community Empowerment ； Community Action ； Social Capital ； Community Admiral Empowerment Plan CAEP