橄欖球選手短期停止訓練前後之飲食分析

Dietary Pattern of Rugby Players after Short Term Detraining

錢桂玉(Kuei-Yu Chien) ； 蘇福新(Fu-Hsin Su) ； 方雩(Yu Fang) ； 戴世然(Shi-Ran Dai) ； 甘乃文(Nai-Wen Kan)

《大專體育學術專刊》 96年度 (2007/05) Pp. 583-588

https://doi.org/10.6695/AUES.200705_96.0098

摘要

目的：探討甲組橄欖球員經26天短期停止訓練前後之飲食攝取變化。方法：本研究招募甲組男子橄欖球選手共25位（前鋒12位，平均20.5±0.3歲；後衛13位，平均19.8±0.5歲，於26天短期停止訓練前後進行、3日24小時回憶飲食記錄、進餐規律性、飲食頻率及高脂飲食調查。結果：結果顯示：一、熱量與三大營養素攝取不足；二、高糖飲料攝取過高（3-4次/天），水果攝取過少（2-6次/週）。三、後衛停止訓練後之熱量、碳水化合物與蛋白質攝取顯著低於前鋒。四、後衛之熱量、蛋白質、膽固醇、維生素B1以及B2攝取量顯著減少。五、訓練期吃早餐之比率只有47-67%，午餐比例約70%，停止訓練期間吃早餐的比率降至33-51%，午餐比率也降至約60%。結論：進食不規律影響整體熱量與營養素攝取不足，停止訓練前需加強高醣低脂飲食、增加水果攝取之營養教育，於停止訓練期間尤須注意作息與進食規律之正常並減少高糖飲料飲用之頻率，以減低胰島素敏感度變差之可能性。

關鍵字

熱量 ； 營養素 ； 膜島素敏感度 ； 進餐規律性

並列摘要

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate dietary pattern of rugby players before and after short term detraining (STD). Method: Twenty-five college rugby players were recruited as subjects (12 forwards, 20.5±0.3 yr; 13 backs, 19.8±0.5 yr). Dietary pattern by 3-day 24 hr dietary record, food consumption frequency questionnaire and eating fat questionnaire (Fat score, FS) were performed before and after STD. We calculated macronutrients, minerals, vitamins and meals pattern from 24 hr dietary record. High cholesterol, high fat, high sugar drinking and fruit intake behavior been calculated form food consumption questionnaire. Result: The results showed that: (1) Calories, fat, protein and carbohydrate consumption were not enough for rugby players requirement. (2) The consumption was too much on high sugar drinks (3-4 times/day), however, fruit intake was not enough (2-3 times/week). (3) Backs had lower calories, protein and carbohydrate consumption than forwards after STD.(4) After STD, calories, protein, cholesterol, vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 significantly decreased STD in backs.(5) There were 47-67% of regular breakfast pattern and 70% of lunch pattern. Regular meal pattern decreased 10% after STD. Conclusion: It was necessary to teach rugby players how to increase carbohydrate and fruit intake during competition, and also teach them how to decrease high fat food. In detraining period, it was important to maintain regular dietary pattern and to decrease high sugar drinks for reducing the chance of impair insulin sensitivity.

並列關鍵字

calories ； nutrients ； insulin sensitivity and regular dietary pattern