蕎麥的二次代謝產物芸香苷

Rutin: The Secondary Metabolite of Buckwheat

張隆仁(Long-Zen Chang)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 64期 (1999/09) Pp. 41-56

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199909.0041

摘要

蕎麥（buckwheat）屬於蓼科（Polygonaceae）蕎麥屬（Fagopyrium），一年生草本，雙子葉植物。常見的栽培種有普通種（common buckwheat；Fagopyrium esculentum Moench）及韃靼種（tatary buckwheat；F. tataricum Gaertn）。主要栽培地區為歐亞溫帶地區。主要用途為種實供人類食用，或作芽菜或蔬菜用，蜜源植物、綠肥或飼料用等。蕎麥除了作為一種澱粉加工食品外，目前更逐漸成為廣被接受的保健食品。蕎麥已知含有多種藥用、保健的重要成分，例如維他命B1、B2、維他命E、膽鹼素、泛酸及菸鹼酸；另含有令人注目的水楊酸（salicylic acid）、N－水楊酸叉替水楊酸胺(N-salicylidene-salicylamine)、4－羥基苯甲胺（4-hydroxybenzylamine）、芸香苷（rutin）等皆是蕎麥未來以健康食品為號召，成為具競爭能力作物的條件。其中最引人矚目的為全植株均富含芸香苷（rutin）成分。它屬於植物體中二次代謝產物類黃素（flavonoids）之一種。目前蕎麥的芸香苷在醫學上已被確定對視網膜出血（retinal hemorrhage）、毛細管性中風（capillary apoplexy）及冠狀動脈阻塞（coronary occlussion）等疾病有顯著的療效。本文謹就蕎麥的二次代謝產物－芸香苷目前的研究現況作一報告，俾供參考。

關鍵字

蕎麥 ； 芸香苷 ； 類黃素 ； 普通種 ； 韃靼種

並列摘要

Buckwheat, belongs to the Polygonaceae family and genus of Fagopyrium. Two mainly cultural species of Fagopyrium are common buckwheat (Fagopyrium esculentum Moench) and tatary buckwheat (Fagopyrium tataricum Gaertn). Recently buckwheat has been recognized as a healthy food because it contains considerable amounts of rutin, several vitamins, dietary fiber and high protein quality. Rutin, a flavonol glucoside, is known to be effective against increased capillary fragility associated with hypertension. By reducing capillary fragility, rutin consumption leads to decreased incidence of vascular complication such as retinal hemorrhage, apoplexy and coronary occlusion. In addition, buckwheat has various advantages in cultivation, such as a short growing period (70-90 days) and negligible crop protection. This review referenced current advance studies in buckwheat research on rutin.

並列關鍵字

buckwheat ； rutin ； flavonoids ； common buckwheat (Fagopyrium esculentum Moench) ； tatary buckwheat (F. tataricum Gaertn)