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臺灣新興切花設施栽培之生產成本及收益分析

An Analysis of Production Cost and Revenue for Newly Developed Cut-Flowers Cultivated under Structure in Taiwan

摘要


本研究係對臺灣的新興切花,包括滿天星、香石竹、非洲菊及葵百合等以設施栽培之成本收益進行分析,結果摘述如下:1.臺灣四種新興切花設施栽培之成本以秋作葵百合最高,唯其收益亦最高,滿天星之粗收益雖最差,但因其生產成本亦最低,致淨益反較香石竹及春作葵百合略高。2.就地區別觀之,滿天星之生產成本各產區約等,收益則以彰化縣最高,南投縣及嘉義縣市頗為相似。各地區均以勞動費、材料費、種苗費及設施折舊費四項為生產成本的主要項目;香石竹之粗收以南投縣最高,嘉義市最低,生產成本以南投縣最高,嘉義市與彰化縣差異不大,淨益則以彰化縣最高,嘉義市最低。各地區均以種苗費為生產成本的首要項目,勞動費次之,材料費與設施折舊費再次之;非洲菊除嘉義市外,彰化縣及南投縣之生產成本與收益均相差不多。兩縣均以勞動費為生產成本之最主要項目,其次依序為成園費、材料費及設施折舊費。3.一般而言,目前滿天星、香石竹及非洲菊之設施投資回收年限尚稱短,約一、二年即可回收,尤以非洲菊回收最快,即使考慮資金利率亦1、2年即可回收。可見,以設施栽培新興切花在適當地區值得採行,唯仍須加強栽培管理技術,以提高產品品質,且應積極拓展市場,以免將來供過於求,影響收益。4.目前臺灣切花採用之設施,大多屬簡易塑膠布防雨溫室,結構不堅固,易受強風折損,而且塑膠布耐用年限短,或透光率差,多須年年更換,增加資材費用與勞動費,所以政府應積極輔導國內廠商開發高品質設施資材並規格化,以期供應價格低廉之設施資材,降低生產成本。

關鍵字

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並列摘要


This study was aimed to analyze the production cost and revenue of cut-flowers cultivated under structure, including Babysbreath, Carnation, Gerbera and Lily. The results were summarized as following:1. The production cost of Fall Lily culture under structure was the highest among the four cut flowers. However, the revenue was the highest too. Gross revenue for Babysbreath was the lowest, but due to the lowest production cost, its net revenue was higher than those of Carnation and Spring Lily.2. The production cost for Babysbreath was almost similar for various areas. However, its revenue in Chang-Hua county was the highest and in Nan-Tou county as well as Chia-Yi city, the revenue was nearly the same. Labour, material, seed and facility depreciation were the four major items of production cost. For Carnation, gross revenue in Nan-Tou county was the highest while in Chia-Yi city was the lowest. Production cost in Nan-Tou county was the highest while in Chia-Yi city and Chang-Hua county, there was no significant difference. Net revenue in Chan-Hua county was the highest while in Chia-Yi city was the lowest. The major production cost was the seed cost, followed in order by the cost of labour and facility depreciation. For Gerbera, except Chia-Yi city, Chang-Hua county and Nan-Tou county have similar production cost and revenue. For these two counties, the major production cost was labour, followed by seed, material and facility depreciation. 3. Generally speaking, the payback period of facility investment was short for Babys-breath, Carnation and Gerbera, it would be one or two year. Especially for Gerbera, the payback period would be only 1.2 years even if the interest rate was considered. Obviously, the newly developed cut-flower culture under structure is worthy to be adopted. However, the cultural technology should be strengthened so that the product quality could be improved. In addition, the market should be enlarged so that there will be no surplus supply and thus affect the revenus.

並列關鍵字

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