適用於普通化學實驗之材料化學實驗－釔鋇銅氧高溫超導體之製備

A General Chemistry Laboratory Related to Materials Chemistry-Synthesis and Characterization of V-Ba-Cu-O High-Temperature Superconductor

佘瑞琳(Jui-Lin She) ； 劉如熹(Ru-Shi Liu)

《化學》 57卷2期 (1999/06) Pp. 143-148

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.1999016

摘要

本研究乃於化學系的「普通化學實驗」課程中增加「高溫超導體之製備貨驗」，以加強培育學生於「材料化學」方面之相關知識及實驗技能。本研究以氧化釔、碳酸鋇及氧化銅為原料，利用固態反應法。於930˚Ｃ方形高溫爐之空氣中鍛燒二次，每次20小時，可製得於液氮溫度下真有磁浮現象的釔鋇銅氧高溫超導體(YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)，δ≦0.25)，其直徑為2cm及厚度為0.3cm之圓錠。經台大化學系一年級62位學生試做，製備成功率為97%，磁浮高度平均約為0.5cm。問卷調查顯示學生對此實驗具有高度興趣，81%的學生贊成將此實驗納入正式的普化實驗課程中。經由本實驗學生可學習計量化學、藥品秤量與研磨、高溫燒結固態反應法、壓片機之操作、液態氮使用及磁浮測定等實驗技能。

關鍵字

高溫超導體製備 ； 普通化學實驗 ； 材料化學 ； 固態化學實驗技能

並列摘要

In this study, an experiment entitled ＂Synthesis and Characterization of Y-Ba-Cu-O High-Temperature Superconductor＂ was designed for General Chemistry Laboratory to introduce students the experimental skills of inorganic materials chemistry. An YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) high-temperature superconductor was synthesized through solid-state reaction of appropriate amounts of Y_2O_3, BaCO_3, and CuO. The asprepared product showed diamagnetism at liquid nitrogen temperature. This experiment on the synthesis of superconductor was carried out by 62 freshmen from Department of Chemistry. National Taiwan University. 97% of the students in the class could successfully synthesized the compound exhibiting diamagnetism. Questionnaire surveys revealed that most students were highly interested in this experiment which is considered appropriate to be included into General Chemistry Laboratory Courses. Furthermore, experimental techniques, such as grinding. calcination. sintering, pressing. and determination of diamagnetism were well demonstrated in this experiment.

並列關鍵字

general chemistry laboratory ； high-T_c superconductor ； materials chemistry ； experimental skills of solid-state reaction