眾志成城的氫鍵　化學鍵中的小矮人

Hydrogen Bond-The Dwarf in Chemical Bonding

梁文傑(Man-kit Leung)

《化學》 62卷1期 (2004/03) Pp. 43-58

https://doi.org/10.6623/chem.2004003

摘要

分子自組的方法與途徑有多種，其中透過氫鍵進行分子自組的方法尤為重要。在分子自組的過程中，控制其自組的重要因素有動態平衡與分子辨識。為了進一步瞭解如何控制此等自組因素，本文從氫鍵之分類、特性、鍵能、協同效應與預排列效應、錯合熵的問題與形態互補、氫鍵之共振結構（RAHB）、氫鍵的組合與強度與Jorgensen-Schneider規律等角度，討論氫鍵在超分子化學上的應用。在分子自組裝領域中，氫鍵所發揮的功用可大致上分為兩方面﹕（1）利用氫鍵引起分子的聚集、（2）利用氫鍵控制分子內構型的接疊。

關鍵字

氫鍵 ； 分子自組 ； 超分子化學

並列摘要

Because of its vectorial character, hydrogen bonding is one of the most important interactions that could be used to assemble molecular fragments into supramolecular structures. To explain the role of hydrogen bonds in supramolecular chemistry, we start our discussion from the fundamental points of view. In the first part of this article, the classification, physical properties, behavior, bond energy of hydrogen bonds, co-operative behavior, key and lock relationship, concept of resonance assisted hydrogen bonding phenomena (RAHB), Jorgensen-Schneider rules, and basic principles for the design of hydrogen bond arrays are discussed. In the second part, cases about the application of hydrogen bonding to molecular self-assembly and molecular folding are discussed.

並列關鍵字

Hydrogen Bond ； Self-assembly ； Supramolecular Chemistry