藝術與科學──以英國博物館的戲劇詮釋為例

Science and Art: Theater Interpretation in Museums in England

陳慧玲(Hui-Ling Chen)

《博物館學季刊》 26卷3期 (2012/07) Pp. 77-99

https://doi.org/10.6686/MuseQ.201207_26(3).0006

摘要

博物館是世界各國最重要的文化保存所，進入21 世紀，世界各國的博物館為了吸引更多民眾，已開始普遍運用活潑、有趣的戲劇表演，讓觀眾認識博物館展示的內容。本研究首先以文獻分析試圖從藝術、科學之間的關係進行探討，以瞭解科學與藝術之間的相似及相左處，並探究藝術在博物館內是否具有幫助傳播科學認知的可能性，再實地至英國進行訪談，以個案研究方式瞭解英國博物館如何在教育活動中進行戲劇詮釋。研究結果分析得知，這些英國博物館是從故事、人物為出發點來介紹歷史、社會及自然科學等，其可彌補傳統詮釋囿於狹隘的單一學科的知識，取而代之的是跨領域的人文及自然科學的背景知識。根據他們的經驗，「戲劇詮釋」是博物館內非常受歡迎的教育活動，是值得投注心力及經費開發的活動，也是博物館重要的行銷策略。促進博物館戲劇詮釋最基本的原則是：機構本身給予支持，發展長期策略，並進行員工在職訓練。

關鍵字

戲劇詮釋 ； 藝術 ； 科學 ； 英格蘭文化資產組織

並列摘要

Globally, museums are the most important cultural repositories. In the 21st century, in order to attract more visitors, museums have begun to use lively and interesting theatrical performances to allow audiences to understand the content of exhibitions. In this study, the relationships between art and science were analyzed based on the literature to elucidate their similarities and differences and to understand whether art can be used to communicate scientific content. Then, case studies were carried out in British museums to investigate how theater interpretation is integrated into educational programs. The results of the case studies indicated that content related to history, society and natural sciences can be interpreted through stories. This method replaces traditional singlediscipline interpretation with interdisciplinary knowledge from the humanities and natural sciences. According to the experiences of British museums, theater interpretation is very well received by the public and the development of theater interpretation activities is worth the required time and financial resources. Museums should develop a long term policy and consider teaching their staff acting skills.

並列關鍵字

theater interpretation ； art ； science ； English Heritage

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