毒品分級處遇之社會觀察與政策建議－以大麻分級為例

Social Observation and Policy Recommendations of Illegal Drug Classification: Case of Marijuana Classification

郭鐘隆(Jong-Long Guo) ； 朱元珊(Yuan-Shan Chu)

《刑事政策與犯罪防治研究專刊》 13期 (2017/07) Pp. 15-22

https://doi.org/10.6460/CPCP.201707_(13).0002

摘要

我國國情，民眾對於毒品通常有負面印象，大麻合法是否適宜，以及合法化後的稅收是否可用在相關教育，輔導費用上，仍是未定論。而大麻管制的可行策略不應侷限於合法或非合法化也可考慮從二級毒品降到三級毒品，但大麻對未成年者有較大的危害，可能造成迷幻的效果，所以對未成年者應該嚴格管制使用，另對於成年人使用天然大麻是否與人工大麻一樣應列為三級毒品管制，需要更進一步的研究與評估其可能帶來的衝擊本文介紹大麻在全世界各國以盛行率為主的使用概況，目前全世界有超過二十個國家允許合法使用大麻。其次，介紹大麻成癮性跟其危害性，特別針對其對身體的傷害和成癮性做完整的描述，並指出類大麻因為是化學合成，與天然大麻相比，可能具有更高的危險性。之後從法律醫學經濟，文化等各層面探討大麻的使用情形，並探討部分國家將大麻合法化之原因，因為大麻是純值物，有研究指出對人體成癮性與傷害性不及菸草和酒精，合法化可以從種植和販售為政府帶來稅收，同時可以將緝捕，審判與監禁所需的人力，物力與財力重新規劃，運用在教育宣導及戒毒服務上由於當前有大麻合法化的主張且國際間亦有合法化的呼聲現階段為二級毒品的大麻是否單獨針對吸食行為降為三級毒品管制是值得研究的目標，但是校園內仍應嚴格禁止使用大麻，製造，運輸，販賣需嚴加處罰，至於自用者降級之後的使用管理問題及其衍生的後遺症，則需要更進一步的探討。

關鍵字

大麻 ； 毒品分級 ； 合法化

並列摘要

Generally, people in Taiwan tend to have negative impression on drugs. Whether it is appropriate to legalise marijuana, and whether it is possible to tax revenue, generated by marijuana legalization, on related education and counselling is yet debatable. How ever, the potential strategy of marijuana control should not be limited on legalization or not, but also considering reducing its class from two to three. Giving the fact that marijuana has greater hallucination effect on minors. The controlling on adolescents should be strict As for adult, whether it is necessary to classify the usage of natural and synthetic marijuana as class three drug requires further research and evaluation on the corresponding impact This essay summarises the prevalence of drug abuse around the world. Currently, more than twenty countries legalize the use of marijuana. Secondly, it introduces the addiction and harm caused by marijuana, particularly giving detail description of damage on human health. Also it points out that synthetic marijuana, chemical compound, is likely to have higher health risk than the original plant. The content bases on legal, medical, economic a cultural aspects to further discuss the usage marijuana, as well as of the reason why some countries would legalize it. Compared to tobacco and alcohol, some research point out that marijuana, as a natural plant, has minor impact on human dependency and damage. The legalization of marijuana can bring in tax revenue generated from cultivation and trade that allows governments to not only to reorganise the manpower, material and budget applied on arresting, trial and imprisonment, but also to establish public on related education and drug addicts rehabilitation systems With the existing claim to legalize marijuana in Taiwan, much also shared by many countries it is worth studying the possibility of reclassifying marijuana for the personal usage from class two to three However, usage should be completely And the person who produces, transports marijuana should still be strictly On the other hand, the management issue and related consequence caused by reducing drug class of personal usage requires further discussion.

並列關鍵字

marijuana ； illegal drug classification ； legalization

參考文獻

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